Cargando…

Levels of Cadmium in Human Mandibular Bone

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant that accumulates in bone and alters bone turnover and metabolism. Periodontal disease is characterized by tooth loss and tissue destruction, specifically, loss of supporting bone around the teeth. We have previously shown that Cd causes loss of dental alveol...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Browar, Andrew W., Leavitt, Landon L., Prozialeck, Walter C., Edwards, Joshua R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6630888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31167416
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7020031
_version_ 1783435401466216448
author Browar, Andrew W.
Leavitt, Landon L.
Prozialeck, Walter C.
Edwards, Joshua R.
author_facet Browar, Andrew W.
Leavitt, Landon L.
Prozialeck, Walter C.
Edwards, Joshua R.
author_sort Browar, Andrew W.
collection PubMed
description Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant that accumulates in bone and alters bone turnover and metabolism. Periodontal disease is characterized by tooth loss and tissue destruction, specifically, loss of supporting bone around the teeth. We have previously shown that Cd causes loss of dental alveolar (tooth supporting) bone in a rodent model of long-term Cd poisoning. The overall goal of this study was to determine the possible association between levels of Cd in alveolar bone and evidence of periodontal disease in human cadavers. The extent of Cd accumulation in human mandible samples was analyzed. Levels of Cd in mandibular alveolar bone were compared to those in basal bone as well as the renal cortex in samples obtained from the cadavers. Alveolar bone contained significantly higher levels of Cd when compared to basal bone (p < 0.01). Cd levels in mandibular bone were significantly higher in female compared to male cadavers (p < 0.05). The kidney cortex had greater than 15-fold higher Cd levels compared to mandible bone. Additional analyses showed a possible association between levels of Cd in basal bone and the presence of periodontal disease in cadavers from which the samples were obtained. This study shows that Cd accumulates to relatively high levels within alveolar bone as compared to basal bone in the mandible and thus may have a significant and direct effect in the progression of changes in bone associated with periodontal disease.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6630888
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-66308882019-08-19 Levels of Cadmium in Human Mandibular Bone Browar, Andrew W. Leavitt, Landon L. Prozialeck, Walter C. Edwards, Joshua R. Toxics Article Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant that accumulates in bone and alters bone turnover and metabolism. Periodontal disease is characterized by tooth loss and tissue destruction, specifically, loss of supporting bone around the teeth. We have previously shown that Cd causes loss of dental alveolar (tooth supporting) bone in a rodent model of long-term Cd poisoning. The overall goal of this study was to determine the possible association between levels of Cd in alveolar bone and evidence of periodontal disease in human cadavers. The extent of Cd accumulation in human mandible samples was analyzed. Levels of Cd in mandibular alveolar bone were compared to those in basal bone as well as the renal cortex in samples obtained from the cadavers. Alveolar bone contained significantly higher levels of Cd when compared to basal bone (p < 0.01). Cd levels in mandibular bone were significantly higher in female compared to male cadavers (p < 0.05). The kidney cortex had greater than 15-fold higher Cd levels compared to mandible bone. Additional analyses showed a possible association between levels of Cd in basal bone and the presence of periodontal disease in cadavers from which the samples were obtained. This study shows that Cd accumulates to relatively high levels within alveolar bone as compared to basal bone in the mandible and thus may have a significant and direct effect in the progression of changes in bone associated with periodontal disease. MDPI 2019-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6630888/ /pubmed/31167416 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7020031 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Browar, Andrew W.
Leavitt, Landon L.
Prozialeck, Walter C.
Edwards, Joshua R.
Levels of Cadmium in Human Mandibular Bone
title Levels of Cadmium in Human Mandibular Bone
title_full Levels of Cadmium in Human Mandibular Bone
title_fullStr Levels of Cadmium in Human Mandibular Bone
title_full_unstemmed Levels of Cadmium in Human Mandibular Bone
title_short Levels of Cadmium in Human Mandibular Bone
title_sort levels of cadmium in human mandibular bone
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6630888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31167416
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7020031
work_keys_str_mv AT browarandreww levelsofcadmiuminhumanmandibularbone
AT leavittlandonl levelsofcadmiuminhumanmandibularbone
AT prozialeckwalterc levelsofcadmiuminhumanmandibularbone
AT edwardsjoshuar levelsofcadmiuminhumanmandibularbone