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Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bio-Based Benzoxazine/Epoxy Composites with NIR-Laser Stimulated Shape Memory Effects

Smart materials with light-actuated shape memory effects are developed from renewable resources in this work. Bio-based benzoxazine resin is prepared from vanillin, furfurylamine, and paraformaldehyde by utilizing the Mannich-like condensation. Vanillin-furfurylamine-containing benzoxazine resin (V-...

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Autores principales: Prasomsin, Wassika, Parnklang, Tewarak, Sapcharoenkun, Chaweewan, Tiptipakorn, Sunan, Rimdusit, Sarawut
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6631418/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31197110
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9060881
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author Prasomsin, Wassika
Parnklang, Tewarak
Sapcharoenkun, Chaweewan
Tiptipakorn, Sunan
Rimdusit, Sarawut
author_facet Prasomsin, Wassika
Parnklang, Tewarak
Sapcharoenkun, Chaweewan
Tiptipakorn, Sunan
Rimdusit, Sarawut
author_sort Prasomsin, Wassika
collection PubMed
description Smart materials with light-actuated shape memory effects are developed from renewable resources in this work. Bio-based benzoxazine resin is prepared from vanillin, furfurylamine, and paraformaldehyde by utilizing the Mannich-like condensation. Vanillin-furfurylamine-containing benzoxazine resin (V-fa) is subsequently copolymerized with epoxidized castor oil (ECO). When the copolymer is reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), the resulting composite exhibits shape memory effects. Molecular characteristics of V-fa resin, ECO, and V-fa/ECO copolymers are obtained from Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Curing behavior of V-fa/ECO copolymers is investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Dynamic mechanical properties of MWCNT reinforced V-fa/ECO composites are determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. Morphological details and distribution of MWCNTs within the copolymer matrix are characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Shape memory performances of MWCNT reinforced V-fa/ECO composites are studied by shape memory tests performed with a universal testing machine. After a significant deformation to a temporary shape, the composites can be recovered to the original shape by near-infrared (NIR) laser actuation. The shape recovery process can be stimulated at a specific site of the composite simply by focusing NIR laser to that site. The shape recovery time of the composites under NIR actuation is four times faster than the shape recovery process under conventional thermal activation. Furthermore, the composites possess good shape fixity and good shape recovery under NIR actuation.
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spelling pubmed-66314182019-08-19 Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bio-Based Benzoxazine/Epoxy Composites with NIR-Laser Stimulated Shape Memory Effects Prasomsin, Wassika Parnklang, Tewarak Sapcharoenkun, Chaweewan Tiptipakorn, Sunan Rimdusit, Sarawut Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Smart materials with light-actuated shape memory effects are developed from renewable resources in this work. Bio-based benzoxazine resin is prepared from vanillin, furfurylamine, and paraformaldehyde by utilizing the Mannich-like condensation. Vanillin-furfurylamine-containing benzoxazine resin (V-fa) is subsequently copolymerized with epoxidized castor oil (ECO). When the copolymer is reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), the resulting composite exhibits shape memory effects. Molecular characteristics of V-fa resin, ECO, and V-fa/ECO copolymers are obtained from Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Curing behavior of V-fa/ECO copolymers is investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Dynamic mechanical properties of MWCNT reinforced V-fa/ECO composites are determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. Morphological details and distribution of MWCNTs within the copolymer matrix are characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Shape memory performances of MWCNT reinforced V-fa/ECO composites are studied by shape memory tests performed with a universal testing machine. After a significant deformation to a temporary shape, the composites can be recovered to the original shape by near-infrared (NIR) laser actuation. The shape recovery process can be stimulated at a specific site of the composite simply by focusing NIR laser to that site. The shape recovery time of the composites under NIR actuation is four times faster than the shape recovery process under conventional thermal activation. Furthermore, the composites possess good shape fixity and good shape recovery under NIR actuation. MDPI 2019-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6631418/ /pubmed/31197110 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9060881 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Prasomsin, Wassika
Parnklang, Tewarak
Sapcharoenkun, Chaweewan
Tiptipakorn, Sunan
Rimdusit, Sarawut
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bio-Based Benzoxazine/Epoxy Composites with NIR-Laser Stimulated Shape Memory Effects
title Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bio-Based Benzoxazine/Epoxy Composites with NIR-Laser Stimulated Shape Memory Effects
title_full Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bio-Based Benzoxazine/Epoxy Composites with NIR-Laser Stimulated Shape Memory Effects
title_fullStr Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bio-Based Benzoxazine/Epoxy Composites with NIR-Laser Stimulated Shape Memory Effects
title_full_unstemmed Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bio-Based Benzoxazine/Epoxy Composites with NIR-Laser Stimulated Shape Memory Effects
title_short Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bio-Based Benzoxazine/Epoxy Composites with NIR-Laser Stimulated Shape Memory Effects
title_sort multiwalled carbon nanotube reinforced bio-based benzoxazine/epoxy composites with nir-laser stimulated shape memory effects
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6631418/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31197110
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9060881
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