Cargando…

The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico

Dengue infections are still a worldwide burden, especially in Indonesia. There is no specific medication against the dengue virus. Recently, many types of research have been conducted to discover a new drug for dengue virus using natural resource extracts. Indonesia, as a tropical country, has a wid...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rosmalena, Rosmalena, Elya, Berna, Dewi, Beti E., Fithriyah, Fithriyah, Desti, Hidayati, Angelina, Marissa, Hanafi, Muhammad, Lotulung, Puspa D., Prasasty, Vivitri D., Seto, Dimas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6631455/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31234495
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8020085
_version_ 1783435520860225536
author Rosmalena, Rosmalena
Elya, Berna
Dewi, Beti E.
Fithriyah, Fithriyah
Desti, Hidayati
Angelina, Marissa
Hanafi, Muhammad
Lotulung, Puspa D.
Prasasty, Vivitri D.
Seto, Dimas
author_facet Rosmalena, Rosmalena
Elya, Berna
Dewi, Beti E.
Fithriyah, Fithriyah
Desti, Hidayati
Angelina, Marissa
Hanafi, Muhammad
Lotulung, Puspa D.
Prasasty, Vivitri D.
Seto, Dimas
author_sort Rosmalena, Rosmalena
collection PubMed
description Dengue infections are still a worldwide burden, especially in Indonesia. There is no specific medication against the dengue virus. Recently, many types of research have been conducted to discover a new drug for dengue virus using natural resource extracts. Indonesia, as a tropical country, has a wide biodiversity. There are several medicinal plants in Indonesia that are believed to possess anti-dengue activity, such as Myristica fatua, Cymbopogon citratus, and Acorus calamus plants. We conducted an in vitro laboratory experiment of several extracts from Indonesian herbs combined with in silico analysis. The extracts were evaluated for safety and antiviral activity in Huh7it-1 cell lines, using a single dose of 20 µg/mL and dose-dependent (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 µg/mL) of plant extracts against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) NGC strain. The DMSO 0.1% was used as a negative control. The cytotoxic aspect was assessed by counting the cell viability, while the antiviral activity was calculated by counting the average inhibition. The selectivity index (SI) of plant extracts were performed from a ratio of CC(50)/EC(50) value. In silico analysis was conducted to determine the free energy of binding between NS5 of dengue virus with bioactive compounds contained in Myristica fatua, Cymbopogon citratus and Acorus calamus extract plants. We determined that all extracts were not toxic against Huh7it-1 cell lines. The methanolic extracts of A. calamus, C. citratus, and M. fatua showed inhibition of DENV-2 at a dose of 20 µg/mL to 96.5%, 98.9%, and 122.7%, respectively. The dose-dependent effects showed that M. fatua has the best inhibition activity towards DENV-2. Molecular docking result showed that artesunic acid within M. fatua has the best free energy of binding (−7.2 kcal/mol), followed by homoegonol (−7.1 kcal/mol) which was slightly different from artesunic acid among others. The methanolic extracts of A. calamus, C. citratus, and M. fatua showed prospective anti-dengue activities both in vitro and in silico. Future research should be conducted to find the pure extracts of all useful herbs as a new candidate of antiviral drug.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6631455
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-66314552019-08-19 The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico Rosmalena, Rosmalena Elya, Berna Dewi, Beti E. Fithriyah, Fithriyah Desti, Hidayati Angelina, Marissa Hanafi, Muhammad Lotulung, Puspa D. Prasasty, Vivitri D. Seto, Dimas Pathogens Article Dengue infections are still a worldwide burden, especially in Indonesia. There is no specific medication against the dengue virus. Recently, many types of research have been conducted to discover a new drug for dengue virus using natural resource extracts. Indonesia, as a tropical country, has a wide biodiversity. There are several medicinal plants in Indonesia that are believed to possess anti-dengue activity, such as Myristica fatua, Cymbopogon citratus, and Acorus calamus plants. We conducted an in vitro laboratory experiment of several extracts from Indonesian herbs combined with in silico analysis. The extracts were evaluated for safety and antiviral activity in Huh7it-1 cell lines, using a single dose of 20 µg/mL and dose-dependent (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 µg/mL) of plant extracts against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) NGC strain. The DMSO 0.1% was used as a negative control. The cytotoxic aspect was assessed by counting the cell viability, while the antiviral activity was calculated by counting the average inhibition. The selectivity index (SI) of plant extracts were performed from a ratio of CC(50)/EC(50) value. In silico analysis was conducted to determine the free energy of binding between NS5 of dengue virus with bioactive compounds contained in Myristica fatua, Cymbopogon citratus and Acorus calamus extract plants. We determined that all extracts were not toxic against Huh7it-1 cell lines. The methanolic extracts of A. calamus, C. citratus, and M. fatua showed inhibition of DENV-2 at a dose of 20 µg/mL to 96.5%, 98.9%, and 122.7%, respectively. The dose-dependent effects showed that M. fatua has the best inhibition activity towards DENV-2. Molecular docking result showed that artesunic acid within M. fatua has the best free energy of binding (−7.2 kcal/mol), followed by homoegonol (−7.1 kcal/mol) which was slightly different from artesunic acid among others. The methanolic extracts of A. calamus, C. citratus, and M. fatua showed prospective anti-dengue activities both in vitro and in silico. Future research should be conducted to find the pure extracts of all useful herbs as a new candidate of antiviral drug. MDPI 2019-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6631455/ /pubmed/31234495 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8020085 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rosmalena, Rosmalena
Elya, Berna
Dewi, Beti E.
Fithriyah, Fithriyah
Desti, Hidayati
Angelina, Marissa
Hanafi, Muhammad
Lotulung, Puspa D.
Prasasty, Vivitri D.
Seto, Dimas
The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico
title The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico
title_full The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico
title_fullStr The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico
title_full_unstemmed The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico
title_short The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico
title_sort antiviral effect of indonesian medicinal plant extracts against dengue virus in vitro and in silico
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6631455/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31234495
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8020085
work_keys_str_mv AT rosmalenarosmalena theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT elyaberna theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT dewibetie theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT fithriyahfithriyah theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT destihidayati theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT angelinamarissa theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT hanafimuhammad theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT lotulungpuspad theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT prasastyvivitrid theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT setodimas theantiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT rosmalenarosmalena antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT elyaberna antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT dewibetie antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT fithriyahfithriyah antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT destihidayati antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT angelinamarissa antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT hanafimuhammad antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT lotulungpuspad antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT prasastyvivitrid antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico
AT setodimas antiviraleffectofindonesianmedicinalplantextractsagainstdenguevirusinvitroandinsilico