Evaluation of a Recombinant Mouse X Pig Chimeric Anti-Porcine DEC205 Antibody Fused with Structural and Nonstructural Peptides of PRRS Virus

Activation of the immune system using antigen targeting to the dendritic cell receptor DEC205 presents great potential in the field of vaccination. The objective of this work was to evaluate the immunogenicity and protectiveness of a recombinant mouse x pig chimeric antibody fused with peptides of structural and nonstructural proteins of porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) directed to DEC205(+) cells. Priming and booster immunizations were performed three weeks apart and administered intradermally in the neck area. All pigs were challenged with PRRSV two weeks after the booster immunization. Immunogenicity was evaluated by assessing the presence of antibodies anti-PRRSV, the response of IFN-γ-producing CD4(+) cells, and the proliferation of cells. Protection was determined by assessing the viral load in the blood, lungs, and tonsils using qRT-PCR. The results showed that the vaccine exhibited immunogenicity but conferred limited protection. The vaccine group had a lower viral load in the tonsils and a significantly higher production of antibodies anti-PRRSV than the control group (p < 0.05); the vaccine group also produced more CD4(+)IFN-γ(+) cells in response to peptides from the M and Nsp2 proteins. In conclusion, this antigenized recombinant mouse x pig chimeric antibody had immunogenic properties that could be enhanced to improve the level of protection and vaccine efficiency.