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Protein Adsorption: A Feasible Method for Nanoparticle Functionalization?

Nanomaterials are now well-established components of many sectors of science and technology. Their sizes, structures, and chemical properties allow for the exploration of a vast range of potential applications and novel approaches in basic research. Biomedical applications, such as drug or gene deli...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Cagliani, Roberta, Gatto, Francesca, Bardi, Giuseppe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6632036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31234290
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12121991
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author Cagliani, Roberta
Gatto, Francesca
Bardi, Giuseppe
author_facet Cagliani, Roberta
Gatto, Francesca
Bardi, Giuseppe
author_sort Cagliani, Roberta
collection PubMed
description Nanomaterials are now well-established components of many sectors of science and technology. Their sizes, structures, and chemical properties allow for the exploration of a vast range of potential applications and novel approaches in basic research. Biomedical applications, such as drug or gene delivery, often require the release of nanoparticles into the bloodstream, which is populated by blood cells and a plethora of small peptides, proteins, sugars, lipids, and complexes of all these molecules. Generally, in biological fluids, a nanoparticle’s surface is covered by different biomolecules, which regulate the interactions of nanoparticles with tissues and, eventually, their fate. The adsorption of molecules onto the nanomaterial is described as “corona” formation. Every blood particulate component can contribute to the creation of the corona, although small proteins represent the majority of the adsorbed chemical moieties. The precise rules of surface-protein adsorption remain unknown, although the surface charge and topography of the nanoparticle seem to discriminate the different coronas. We will describe examples of adsorption of specific biomolecules onto nanoparticles as one of the methods for natural surface functionalization, and highlight advantages and limitations. Our critical review of these topics may help to design appropriate nanomaterials for specific drug delivery.
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spelling pubmed-66320362019-08-19 Protein Adsorption: A Feasible Method for Nanoparticle Functionalization? Cagliani, Roberta Gatto, Francesca Bardi, Giuseppe Materials (Basel) Review Nanomaterials are now well-established components of many sectors of science and technology. Their sizes, structures, and chemical properties allow for the exploration of a vast range of potential applications and novel approaches in basic research. Biomedical applications, such as drug or gene delivery, often require the release of nanoparticles into the bloodstream, which is populated by blood cells and a plethora of small peptides, proteins, sugars, lipids, and complexes of all these molecules. Generally, in biological fluids, a nanoparticle’s surface is covered by different biomolecules, which regulate the interactions of nanoparticles with tissues and, eventually, their fate. The adsorption of molecules onto the nanomaterial is described as “corona” formation. Every blood particulate component can contribute to the creation of the corona, although small proteins represent the majority of the adsorbed chemical moieties. The precise rules of surface-protein adsorption remain unknown, although the surface charge and topography of the nanoparticle seem to discriminate the different coronas. We will describe examples of adsorption of specific biomolecules onto nanoparticles as one of the methods for natural surface functionalization, and highlight advantages and limitations. Our critical review of these topics may help to design appropriate nanomaterials for specific drug delivery. MDPI 2019-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6632036/ /pubmed/31234290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12121991 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Cagliani, Roberta
Gatto, Francesca
Bardi, Giuseppe
Protein Adsorption: A Feasible Method for Nanoparticle Functionalization?
title Protein Adsorption: A Feasible Method for Nanoparticle Functionalization?
title_full Protein Adsorption: A Feasible Method for Nanoparticle Functionalization?
title_fullStr Protein Adsorption: A Feasible Method for Nanoparticle Functionalization?
title_full_unstemmed Protein Adsorption: A Feasible Method for Nanoparticle Functionalization?
title_short Protein Adsorption: A Feasible Method for Nanoparticle Functionalization?
title_sort protein adsorption: a feasible method for nanoparticle functionalization?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6632036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31234290
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12121991
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