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Postprandial glycemic response in a non-diabetic adult population: the effect of nutrients is different between men and women

BACKGROUND: There is a growing interest in the pathopysiological consequences of postprandial hyperglycemia. It is well known that in diabetic patients 2 h plasma glucose is a better risk predictor for coronary heart disease than fasting plasma glucose. Data on the glycemic response in healthy peopl...

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Autores principales: González-Rodríguez, María, Pazos-Couselo, Marcos, García-López, José M., Rodríguez-Segade, Santiago, Rodríguez-García, Javier, Túñez-Bastida, Carmen, Gude, Francisco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6637571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31346341
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-019-0368-1
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author González-Rodríguez, María
Pazos-Couselo, Marcos
García-López, José M.
Rodríguez-Segade, Santiago
Rodríguez-García, Javier
Túñez-Bastida, Carmen
Gude, Francisco
author_facet González-Rodríguez, María
Pazos-Couselo, Marcos
García-López, José M.
Rodríguez-Segade, Santiago
Rodríguez-García, Javier
Túñez-Bastida, Carmen
Gude, Francisco
author_sort González-Rodríguez, María
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: There is a growing interest in the pathopysiological consequences of postprandial hyperglycemia. It is well known that in diabetic patients 2 h plasma glucose is a better risk predictor for coronary heart disease than fasting plasma glucose. Data on the glycemic response in healthy people are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) and fiber on postprandial glycemic response in an observational study of a non-diabetic adult population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. 150 non-diabetic adults performed continuous glucose monitoring for 6 days. During this period they recorded food and beverage intake. The participants were instructed not to make changes in their usual diet and physical exercise. Variables analyzed included clinical parameters (age, sex, body weight, height, body mass index, blood pressure, and waist measurement), meal composition (calories, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and fiber) and glycemic postprandial responses separated by sexes. The study period was defined from the start of dinner to 6 h later. RESULTS: A total of 148 (51% women) subjects completed all study procedures. Dinner intake was higher in males than in females (824 vs 531 kcal). Macronutrient distribution was similar in both sexes. No significant differences were found in fiber intake between men and women (5.5 g vs 4.5 g). In both sexes, the higher intake of carbohydrates corresponded to a significantly higher glycemic response (p = 0.0001 in women, p = 0.022 in men). Moreover, in women, as fat intake was higher, a flattening of the postprandial glycemic curve was observed (p = 0.003). With respect to fiber, a significantly lower glycemic response was observed in the group of women whose fiber intake at dinner was higher (p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS: Continuous glucose monitoring provides important information about glucose levels after meals. In this study, the postprandial glycemic response in women was different from that of men, and carbohydrates were the main determinant of elevated postprandial glucose levels.
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spelling pubmed-66375712019-07-25 Postprandial glycemic response in a non-diabetic adult population: the effect of nutrients is different between men and women González-Rodríguez, María Pazos-Couselo, Marcos García-López, José M. Rodríguez-Segade, Santiago Rodríguez-García, Javier Túñez-Bastida, Carmen Gude, Francisco Nutr Metab (Lond) Research BACKGROUND: There is a growing interest in the pathopysiological consequences of postprandial hyperglycemia. It is well known that in diabetic patients 2 h plasma glucose is a better risk predictor for coronary heart disease than fasting plasma glucose. Data on the glycemic response in healthy people are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) and fiber on postprandial glycemic response in an observational study of a non-diabetic adult population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. 150 non-diabetic adults performed continuous glucose monitoring for 6 days. During this period they recorded food and beverage intake. The participants were instructed not to make changes in their usual diet and physical exercise. Variables analyzed included clinical parameters (age, sex, body weight, height, body mass index, blood pressure, and waist measurement), meal composition (calories, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and fiber) and glycemic postprandial responses separated by sexes. The study period was defined from the start of dinner to 6 h later. RESULTS: A total of 148 (51% women) subjects completed all study procedures. Dinner intake was higher in males than in females (824 vs 531 kcal). Macronutrient distribution was similar in both sexes. No significant differences were found in fiber intake between men and women (5.5 g vs 4.5 g). In both sexes, the higher intake of carbohydrates corresponded to a significantly higher glycemic response (p = 0.0001 in women, p = 0.022 in men). Moreover, in women, as fat intake was higher, a flattening of the postprandial glycemic curve was observed (p = 0.003). With respect to fiber, a significantly lower glycemic response was observed in the group of women whose fiber intake at dinner was higher (p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS: Continuous glucose monitoring provides important information about glucose levels after meals. In this study, the postprandial glycemic response in women was different from that of men, and carbohydrates were the main determinant of elevated postprandial glucose levels. BioMed Central 2019-07-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6637571/ /pubmed/31346341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-019-0368-1 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
González-Rodríguez, María
Pazos-Couselo, Marcos
García-López, José M.
Rodríguez-Segade, Santiago
Rodríguez-García, Javier
Túñez-Bastida, Carmen
Gude, Francisco
Postprandial glycemic response in a non-diabetic adult population: the effect of nutrients is different between men and women
title Postprandial glycemic response in a non-diabetic adult population: the effect of nutrients is different between men and women
title_full Postprandial glycemic response in a non-diabetic adult population: the effect of nutrients is different between men and women
title_fullStr Postprandial glycemic response in a non-diabetic adult population: the effect of nutrients is different between men and women
title_full_unstemmed Postprandial glycemic response in a non-diabetic adult population: the effect of nutrients is different between men and women
title_short Postprandial glycemic response in a non-diabetic adult population: the effect of nutrients is different between men and women
title_sort postprandial glycemic response in a non-diabetic adult population: the effect of nutrients is different between men and women
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6637571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31346341
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-019-0368-1
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