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Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM: To summarise and quantify the effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults. METHODS: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO and Web of Science, from inception to October 2017, to identify case-control and cohort studies...

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Autores principales: Baskaran, Vadsala, Murray, Rachael L., Hunter, Abby, Lim, Wei Shen, McKeever, Tricia M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6638981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31318967
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220204
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author Baskaran, Vadsala
Murray, Rachael L.
Hunter, Abby
Lim, Wei Shen
McKeever, Tricia M.
author_facet Baskaran, Vadsala
Murray, Rachael L.
Hunter, Abby
Lim, Wei Shen
McKeever, Tricia M.
author_sort Baskaran, Vadsala
collection PubMed
description AIM: To summarise and quantify the effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults. METHODS: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO and Web of Science, from inception to October 2017, to identify case-control and cohort studies and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. The review protocol was registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42018093943). Study quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Of 647 studies identified, 27 studies were included (n = 460,592 participants) in the systematic review. Most of the included studies were of moderate quality with a median score of six (IQR 6–7). Meta-analysis showed that current smokers (pooled OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.70–2.76, n = 13 studies; pooled HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.13–2.04, n = 7 studies) and ex-smokers (pooled OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.26–1.75, n = 8 studies; pooled HR 1.18, 95% CI 0.91–1.52, n = 6 studies) were more likely to develop CAP compared to never smokers. Although the association between passive smoking and risk of CAP in adults of all ages was not statistically significant (pooled OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.94–1.36, n = 5 studies), passive smoking in adults aged ≥65 years was associated with a 64% increased risk of CAP (pooled OR 1.64; 95% CI 1.17–2.30, n = 2 studies). Dose-response analyses of data from five studies revealed a significant trend; current smokers who smoked higher amount of tobacco had a higher risk of CAP. CONCLUSION: Tobacco smoke exposure is significantly associated with the development of CAP in current smokers and ex-smokers. Adults aged > 65 years who are passive smokers are also at higher risk of CAP. For current smokers, a significant dose-response relationship is evident.
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spelling pubmed-66389812019-07-25 Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis Baskaran, Vadsala Murray, Rachael L. Hunter, Abby Lim, Wei Shen McKeever, Tricia M. PLoS One Research Article AIM: To summarise and quantify the effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults. METHODS: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO and Web of Science, from inception to October 2017, to identify case-control and cohort studies and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. The review protocol was registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42018093943). Study quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Of 647 studies identified, 27 studies were included (n = 460,592 participants) in the systematic review. Most of the included studies were of moderate quality with a median score of six (IQR 6–7). Meta-analysis showed that current smokers (pooled OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.70–2.76, n = 13 studies; pooled HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.13–2.04, n = 7 studies) and ex-smokers (pooled OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.26–1.75, n = 8 studies; pooled HR 1.18, 95% CI 0.91–1.52, n = 6 studies) were more likely to develop CAP compared to never smokers. Although the association between passive smoking and risk of CAP in adults of all ages was not statistically significant (pooled OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.94–1.36, n = 5 studies), passive smoking in adults aged ≥65 years was associated with a 64% increased risk of CAP (pooled OR 1.64; 95% CI 1.17–2.30, n = 2 studies). Dose-response analyses of data from five studies revealed a significant trend; current smokers who smoked higher amount of tobacco had a higher risk of CAP. CONCLUSION: Tobacco smoke exposure is significantly associated with the development of CAP in current smokers and ex-smokers. Adults aged > 65 years who are passive smokers are also at higher risk of CAP. For current smokers, a significant dose-response relationship is evident. Public Library of Science 2019-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6638981/ /pubmed/31318967 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220204 Text en © 2019 Baskaran et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Baskaran, Vadsala
Murray, Rachael L.
Hunter, Abby
Lim, Wei Shen
McKeever, Tricia M.
Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6638981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31318967
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220204
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