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Highly Efficient and Practical N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalyzed Chemoselective N(1)/C(3)-Functionalization of Isatins with Green Chemistry Principles
[Image: see text] Ecofriendly N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis can control the N(1)-functionalization (aza-Michael addition) and C(3)-functionalization (Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction, MBH) of isatins in the absence of (1) a protecting group, (2) a stoichiometric reagent, and (3) heat en...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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American Chemical Society
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6643579/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31458364 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b02361 |
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author | Mudithanapelli, Chandrashekar Vasam, Chandra Sekhar Vadde, Ravinder Kim, Mi-hyun |
author_facet | Mudithanapelli, Chandrashekar Vasam, Chandra Sekhar Vadde, Ravinder Kim, Mi-hyun |
author_sort | Mudithanapelli, Chandrashekar |
collection | PubMed |
description | [Image: see text] Ecofriendly N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis can control the N(1)-functionalization (aza-Michael addition) and C(3)-functionalization (Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction, MBH) of isatins in the absence of (1) a protecting group, (2) a stoichiometric reagent, and (3) heat energy. The challengeable N(1)-functionalization of N-unsubstituted isatins into N-substituted (NS) isatins was realized through 10 mol % NHC and 10 mol % 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene catalysts within 10 min with up to 98% isolation yield. The subsequent MBH adducts of as-synthesized NS-isatins (N(1)/C(3)-functionalization) was perfectly acquired in 10 mol % NHC and 10 mol % 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane catalysis within 30 min with superiority to C(3)/N(1)-functionalization (MBH/aza-Michael). For guiding the application to a versatile druggable isatin library, the NHC catalysis was compared with reported functionalization of isatins in view of green chemistry principles including solvent scoring of ACS GCI pharmaceutical roundtable, E-factor, atom economy, and so on. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6643579 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | American Chemical Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66435792019-08-27 Highly Efficient and Practical N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalyzed Chemoselective N(1)/C(3)-Functionalization of Isatins with Green Chemistry Principles Mudithanapelli, Chandrashekar Vasam, Chandra Sekhar Vadde, Ravinder Kim, Mi-hyun ACS Omega [Image: see text] Ecofriendly N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis can control the N(1)-functionalization (aza-Michael addition) and C(3)-functionalization (Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction, MBH) of isatins in the absence of (1) a protecting group, (2) a stoichiometric reagent, and (3) heat energy. The challengeable N(1)-functionalization of N-unsubstituted isatins into N-substituted (NS) isatins was realized through 10 mol % NHC and 10 mol % 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene catalysts within 10 min with up to 98% isolation yield. The subsequent MBH adducts of as-synthesized NS-isatins (N(1)/C(3)-functionalization) was perfectly acquired in 10 mol % NHC and 10 mol % 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane catalysis within 30 min with superiority to C(3)/N(1)-functionalization (MBH/aza-Michael). For guiding the application to a versatile druggable isatin library, the NHC catalysis was compared with reported functionalization of isatins in view of green chemistry principles including solvent scoring of ACS GCI pharmaceutical roundtable, E-factor, atom economy, and so on. American Chemical Society 2018-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6643579/ /pubmed/31458364 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b02361 Text en Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License (http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_termsofuse.html) , which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes. |
spellingShingle | Mudithanapelli, Chandrashekar Vasam, Chandra Sekhar Vadde, Ravinder Kim, Mi-hyun Highly Efficient and Practical N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalyzed Chemoselective N(1)/C(3)-Functionalization of Isatins with Green Chemistry Principles |
title | Highly Efficient and Practical N-Heterocyclic
Carbene Organocatalyzed Chemoselective N(1)/C(3)-Functionalization of Isatins with Green Chemistry Principles |
title_full | Highly Efficient and Practical N-Heterocyclic
Carbene Organocatalyzed Chemoselective N(1)/C(3)-Functionalization of Isatins with Green Chemistry Principles |
title_fullStr | Highly Efficient and Practical N-Heterocyclic
Carbene Organocatalyzed Chemoselective N(1)/C(3)-Functionalization of Isatins with Green Chemistry Principles |
title_full_unstemmed | Highly Efficient and Practical N-Heterocyclic
Carbene Organocatalyzed Chemoselective N(1)/C(3)-Functionalization of Isatins with Green Chemistry Principles |
title_short | Highly Efficient and Practical N-Heterocyclic
Carbene Organocatalyzed Chemoselective N(1)/C(3)-Functionalization of Isatins with Green Chemistry Principles |
title_sort | highly efficient and practical n-heterocyclic
carbene organocatalyzed chemoselective n(1)/c(3)-functionalization of isatins with green chemistry principles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6643579/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31458364 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b02361 |
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