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Comparative Genomics and Phenotypic Investigations Into Antibiotic, Heavy Metal, and Disinfectant Susceptibilities of Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Australia
Salmonella enterica is recognized as a major contributor of gastrointestinal illness worldwide. Concerns have been raised over the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains of Salmonella isolated from animals and food, and the role of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents such as bi...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6646423/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31379776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01620 |
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author | Wilson, Annaleise Fox, Edward M. Fegan, Narelle Kurtböke, D. Ípek |
author_facet | Wilson, Annaleise Fox, Edward M. Fegan, Narelle Kurtböke, D. Ípek |
author_sort | Wilson, Annaleise |
collection | PubMed |
description | Salmonella enterica is recognized as a major contributor of gastrointestinal illness worldwide. Concerns have been raised over the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains of Salmonella isolated from animals and food, and the role of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents such as biocides and heavy metals in the selection and dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria to human hosts. In this study the antibiotic, heavy metal and disinfectant resistance genotypes and phenotypes of 19 S. enterica isolates from food-producing animals were established using whole genome sequence analysis, disc diffusion, as well as broth or agar dilution methods. This study also investigated the genomic environment of resistance genes on mobile genetic elements and chromosomal DNA. An ampicillin and streptomycin resistant S. Infantis isolate in this study harbored a β-lactamase (bla(TEM–1)), and two streptomycin resistance conferring genes (strA and strB) on a class 1 integron mobilized on a large conjugative plasmid. This plasmid also harbored two arsenic resistance gene cassettes. The arsenic resistance cassette, arsRCDAB, was also observed in two S. Singapore isolates with high tolerance to arsenate. A nalidixic acid resistant S. Typhimurium isolate was found to possess a mutation in gyrA resulting in amino acid change Asp87Gly and tetracycline resistant S. Typhimurium isolate was found to harbor efflux pump gene, tetA. No resistance (genotypic or phenotypic) was recorded to the disinfectants screened in this study. Taken together, results of this study showed a good correlation between predicted and measured resistances when comparing genotypic and phenotypic data, respectively. The findings of this study do not suggest resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics are widespread among Salmonella isolated from Australian food-producing animals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6646423 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66464232019-08-02 Comparative Genomics and Phenotypic Investigations Into Antibiotic, Heavy Metal, and Disinfectant Susceptibilities of Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Australia Wilson, Annaleise Fox, Edward M. Fegan, Narelle Kurtböke, D. Ípek Front Microbiol Microbiology Salmonella enterica is recognized as a major contributor of gastrointestinal illness worldwide. Concerns have been raised over the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains of Salmonella isolated from animals and food, and the role of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents such as biocides and heavy metals in the selection and dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria to human hosts. In this study the antibiotic, heavy metal and disinfectant resistance genotypes and phenotypes of 19 S. enterica isolates from food-producing animals were established using whole genome sequence analysis, disc diffusion, as well as broth or agar dilution methods. This study also investigated the genomic environment of resistance genes on mobile genetic elements and chromosomal DNA. An ampicillin and streptomycin resistant S. Infantis isolate in this study harbored a β-lactamase (bla(TEM–1)), and two streptomycin resistance conferring genes (strA and strB) on a class 1 integron mobilized on a large conjugative plasmid. This plasmid also harbored two arsenic resistance gene cassettes. The arsenic resistance cassette, arsRCDAB, was also observed in two S. Singapore isolates with high tolerance to arsenate. A nalidixic acid resistant S. Typhimurium isolate was found to possess a mutation in gyrA resulting in amino acid change Asp87Gly and tetracycline resistant S. Typhimurium isolate was found to harbor efflux pump gene, tetA. No resistance (genotypic or phenotypic) was recorded to the disinfectants screened in this study. Taken together, results of this study showed a good correlation between predicted and measured resistances when comparing genotypic and phenotypic data, respectively. The findings of this study do not suggest resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics are widespread among Salmonella isolated from Australian food-producing animals. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6646423/ /pubmed/31379776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01620 Text en Copyright © 2019 Wilson, Fox, Fegan and Kurtböke. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Wilson, Annaleise Fox, Edward M. Fegan, Narelle Kurtböke, D. Ípek Comparative Genomics and Phenotypic Investigations Into Antibiotic, Heavy Metal, and Disinfectant Susceptibilities of Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Australia |
title | Comparative Genomics and Phenotypic Investigations Into Antibiotic, Heavy Metal, and Disinfectant Susceptibilities of Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Australia |
title_full | Comparative Genomics and Phenotypic Investigations Into Antibiotic, Heavy Metal, and Disinfectant Susceptibilities of Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Australia |
title_fullStr | Comparative Genomics and Phenotypic Investigations Into Antibiotic, Heavy Metal, and Disinfectant Susceptibilities of Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Australia |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Genomics and Phenotypic Investigations Into Antibiotic, Heavy Metal, and Disinfectant Susceptibilities of Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Australia |
title_short | Comparative Genomics and Phenotypic Investigations Into Antibiotic, Heavy Metal, and Disinfectant Susceptibilities of Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Australia |
title_sort | comparative genomics and phenotypic investigations into antibiotic, heavy metal, and disinfectant susceptibilities of salmonella enterica strains isolated in australia |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6646423/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31379776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01620 |
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