Traditional Electrodeposition Preparation of Nonstoichiometric Tin-Based Anodes with Superior Lithium-Ion Storage

[Image: see text] Herein, nonstoichiometric structured tin-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries were directly prepared by a simple and traditional electrodeposition method. These tin-based anodes show high electrode capacity, excellent rate performance, and superior stable cycling stability, which delivers an outstanding reversible capacity of 728 mAh g(–1) at the current density of 100 mA g(–1) after 400 cycles. When cycled at the current density of 6 A g(–1) for 250 cycles, the capacity of the tin-based anode was kept at about 300 mAh g(–1). The tin-based anode with its nonstoichiometric structure can effectively overcome the volume expansion, stabilize the electrode structure, and enhance the cyclic stability through structural reconstruction. By improving the traditional preparation method, the excellent electrochemical anode can be obtained, which may greatly promote the commercial application of alloy mechanism anode materials in lithium-ion batteries.