Substance misuse in later life: challenges for primary care: a review of policy and evidence

BACKGROUND: Substance misuse in older people represents a growing clinical and public health problem within primary care. AIM: The aim of article is to explore policy and research evidence for informing best practice in the assessment, treatment effectiveness, treatment implementation and approaches to recovery for older people with substance misuse in primary care. METHODS: Relevant search terms were used to examine the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychINFO up to January 2016. RESULTS: An age-sensitive approach is required to overcome barriers to assessment. Training is essential for developing relevant knowledge, skills and attitudes. Clinical audit be used to develop care pathways, particularly for older people with dual diagnosis. There is also a need to develop closer links between primary care and the secondary care specialties, as well as added value in working with carers and voluntary agencies. DISCUSSION: Further research is needed to inform more effective approaches to treatment. Adequate funding for workforce development and quality improvement in service development are also essential to improve health outcomes and quality of life in older people with substance misuse.