The AtHSP17.4C1 Gene Expression Is Mediated by Diverse Signals that Link Biotic and Abiotic Stress Factors with ROS and Can Be a Useful Molecular Marker for Oxidative Stress

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly controlled signaling species that are involved in regulating gene expression in response to different environmental cues. The production of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is a key strategy that plants use to defend themselves against diverse stresses, including oxidative stress. In this study, expression patterns of the Arabidopsis HSP17.4CI gene, a cytosolic class I small HSP, were systematically profiled under different abiotic, biotic and oxidative stresses. Our data show that HSP17.4CI was early and highly induced by heat, cold, salt, drought and high-light. HSP17.4CI also showed high expression levels in Arabidopsis plants infected with the biotrophic pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, but not in response to the necrotrophic pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and Fusarium oxysporum. Oxidative stress treatments including H(2)O(2) and the herbicide methyl viologen led to induction of HSP17.4CI. The plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) induced the expression of HSP17.4CI, whereas methyl jasmonate (MJ) did not affect the expression level of this gene. Furthermore, we found enhanced expression of HSP17.4CI in catalase mutant plants, which are deficient in catalase 2 activity and accumulate intracellular H(2)O(2). Taken together, data presented here suggest that HSP17.4CI expression is regulated by various signals that connect biotic and abiotic stresses with ROS and can be used as a molecular marker for oxidative stress.