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Insulin Treatment Forces Arteriogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus by Upregulation of the Early Growth Response-1 (Egr-1) Pathway in Mice
The process of arteriogenesis is severely compromised in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Earlier studies have reported the importance of Egr-1 in promoting collateral outward remodeling. However, the role of Egr-1 in the presence of DM in outward vessel remodeling was not studied. We hypothesi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6651530/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31284541 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133320 |
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author | Thulasingam, Senthilkumar Krishnasamy, Sundar Raj C., David Lasch, Manuel Vedantham, Srinivasan Deindl, Elisabeth |
author_facet | Thulasingam, Senthilkumar Krishnasamy, Sundar Raj C., David Lasch, Manuel Vedantham, Srinivasan Deindl, Elisabeth |
author_sort | Thulasingam, Senthilkumar |
collection | PubMed |
description | The process of arteriogenesis is severely compromised in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Earlier studies have reported the importance of Egr-1 in promoting collateral outward remodeling. However, the role of Egr-1 in the presence of DM in outward vessel remodeling was not studied. We hypothesized that Egr-1 expression may be compromised in DM which may lead to impaired collateral vessel growth. Here, we investigated the relevance of the transcription factor Egr-1 for the process of collateral artery growth in diabetic mice. Induction of arteriogenesis by femoral artery ligation resulted in an increased expression of Egr-1 on mRNA and protein level but was severely compromised in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Diabetes mellitus mice showed a significantly reduced expression of Egr-1 endothelial downstream genes Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and urokinase Plasminogen Activator (uPA), relevant for extravasation of leukocytes which promote arteriogenesis. Fluorescent-activated cell sorting analyses confirmed reduced leukocyte recruitment. Diabetes mellitus mice showed a reduced expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 in growing collaterals whose luminal diameters were also reduced. The Splicing Factor-1 (SF-1), which is critical for smooth muscle cell proliferation and phenotype switch, was found to be elevated in collaterals of DM mice. Treatment of DM mice with insulin normalized the expression of Egr-1 and its downstream targets and restored leukocyte recruitment. SF-1 expression and the diameter of growing collaterals were normalized by insulin treatment as well. In summary, our results showed that Egr-1 signaling was impaired in DM mice; however, it can be rescued by insulin treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6651530 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66515302019-08-08 Insulin Treatment Forces Arteriogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus by Upregulation of the Early Growth Response-1 (Egr-1) Pathway in Mice Thulasingam, Senthilkumar Krishnasamy, Sundar Raj C., David Lasch, Manuel Vedantham, Srinivasan Deindl, Elisabeth Int J Mol Sci Communication The process of arteriogenesis is severely compromised in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Earlier studies have reported the importance of Egr-1 in promoting collateral outward remodeling. However, the role of Egr-1 in the presence of DM in outward vessel remodeling was not studied. We hypothesized that Egr-1 expression may be compromised in DM which may lead to impaired collateral vessel growth. Here, we investigated the relevance of the transcription factor Egr-1 for the process of collateral artery growth in diabetic mice. Induction of arteriogenesis by femoral artery ligation resulted in an increased expression of Egr-1 on mRNA and protein level but was severely compromised in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Diabetes mellitus mice showed a significantly reduced expression of Egr-1 endothelial downstream genes Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and urokinase Plasminogen Activator (uPA), relevant for extravasation of leukocytes which promote arteriogenesis. Fluorescent-activated cell sorting analyses confirmed reduced leukocyte recruitment. Diabetes mellitus mice showed a reduced expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 in growing collaterals whose luminal diameters were also reduced. The Splicing Factor-1 (SF-1), which is critical for smooth muscle cell proliferation and phenotype switch, was found to be elevated in collaterals of DM mice. Treatment of DM mice with insulin normalized the expression of Egr-1 and its downstream targets and restored leukocyte recruitment. SF-1 expression and the diameter of growing collaterals were normalized by insulin treatment as well. In summary, our results showed that Egr-1 signaling was impaired in DM mice; however, it can be rescued by insulin treatment. MDPI 2019-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6651530/ /pubmed/31284541 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133320 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Thulasingam, Senthilkumar Krishnasamy, Sundar Raj C., David Lasch, Manuel Vedantham, Srinivasan Deindl, Elisabeth Insulin Treatment Forces Arteriogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus by Upregulation of the Early Growth Response-1 (Egr-1) Pathway in Mice |
title | Insulin Treatment Forces Arteriogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus by Upregulation of the Early Growth Response-1 (Egr-1) Pathway in Mice |
title_full | Insulin Treatment Forces Arteriogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus by Upregulation of the Early Growth Response-1 (Egr-1) Pathway in Mice |
title_fullStr | Insulin Treatment Forces Arteriogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus by Upregulation of the Early Growth Response-1 (Egr-1) Pathway in Mice |
title_full_unstemmed | Insulin Treatment Forces Arteriogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus by Upregulation of the Early Growth Response-1 (Egr-1) Pathway in Mice |
title_short | Insulin Treatment Forces Arteriogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus by Upregulation of the Early Growth Response-1 (Egr-1) Pathway in Mice |
title_sort | insulin treatment forces arteriogenesis in diabetes mellitus by upregulation of the early growth response-1 (egr-1) pathway in mice |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6651530/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31284541 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133320 |
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