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Pathomechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in ALS
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) are responsible for controlling the microenvironment within neural tissues in humans. These barriers are fundamental to all neurological processes as they provide the extreme nutritional demands of neural tissue, remove wastes, a...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6652091/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31380411 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2537698 |
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author | Kakaroubas, Nicholas Brennan, Samuel Keon, Matthew Saksena, Nitin K. |
author_facet | Kakaroubas, Nicholas Brennan, Samuel Keon, Matthew Saksena, Nitin K. |
author_sort | Kakaroubas, Nicholas |
collection | PubMed |
description | The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) are responsible for controlling the microenvironment within neural tissues in humans. These barriers are fundamental to all neurological processes as they provide the extreme nutritional demands of neural tissue, remove wastes, and maintain immune privileged status. Being a semipermeable membrane, both the BBB and BSCB allow the diffusion of certain molecules, whilst restricting others. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases, these barriers become hyperpermeable, allowing a wider variety of molecules to pass through leading to more severe and more rapidly progressing disease. The intention of this review is to discuss evidence that BBB hyperpermeability is potentially a disease driving feature in ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases. The various biochemical, physiological, and genomic factors that can influence BBB permeability in ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases are also discussed, in addition to novel therapeutic strategies centred upon the BBB. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6652091 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66520912019-08-04 Pathomechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in ALS Kakaroubas, Nicholas Brennan, Samuel Keon, Matthew Saksena, Nitin K. Neurosci J Review Article The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) are responsible for controlling the microenvironment within neural tissues in humans. These barriers are fundamental to all neurological processes as they provide the extreme nutritional demands of neural tissue, remove wastes, and maintain immune privileged status. Being a semipermeable membrane, both the BBB and BSCB allow the diffusion of certain molecules, whilst restricting others. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases, these barriers become hyperpermeable, allowing a wider variety of molecules to pass through leading to more severe and more rapidly progressing disease. The intention of this review is to discuss evidence that BBB hyperpermeability is potentially a disease driving feature in ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases. The various biochemical, physiological, and genomic factors that can influence BBB permeability in ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases are also discussed, in addition to novel therapeutic strategies centred upon the BBB. Hindawi 2019-07-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6652091/ /pubmed/31380411 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2537698 Text en Copyright © 2019 Nicholas Kakaroubas et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Kakaroubas, Nicholas Brennan, Samuel Keon, Matthew Saksena, Nitin K. Pathomechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in ALS |
title | Pathomechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in ALS |
title_full | Pathomechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in ALS |
title_fullStr | Pathomechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in ALS |
title_full_unstemmed | Pathomechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in ALS |
title_short | Pathomechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in ALS |
title_sort | pathomechanisms of blood-brain barrier disruption in als |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6652091/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31380411 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2537698 |
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