Assessment of Psycho-Education of Carers Questionnaire: APEC-U” translation and cross cultural adaptation of an Urdu Version

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Psycho-education of carers is a part of good mental health practice. Our objective was to translate and validate the English questionnaire “Assessment of Psycho-Education of Carers” (APEC) into Urdu (APEC-U), for use in Pakistan. METHODS: Following development and validation of APEC, it was translated into Urdu after consultation with experts and translators. After pretesting, one hundred and twenty bilingual male 67(55.8%) and female 53(44.2%) primary carers, who could understand both Urdu and English, and were carers for more than three months, were asked to fill in the self reporting Urdu questionnaire at the Fatima Memorial Hospital Psychiatry Out-Patient Department. The data were collected over a period of three months from September, 2018 to November, 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Responses were analyzed for internal consistency, reliability, Intraclass correlation coefficients and kappa statistics. RESULTS: APEC-U was understandable and capable of assessing psycho-education in Urdu. High internal consistency was demonstrated on the full scale as 0.859. Degree of agreement (<0.001) between the Urdu and the originally developed English version was evaluated by Cohen’s Kappa, and a high degree of agreement was demonstrated. CONCLUSION: The Urdu questionnaire can adequately assess psycho-education of carers in psychiatric settings.