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Severe relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset
Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is characterized by abnormal behavior, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, disturbance of consciousness, central hypoventilation, and movement disorders, with a tendency to occur in younger women. Immunotherapy and tumor removal, where applicable, are effective for this disorder...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6661405/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31384674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100199 |
Sumario: | Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is characterized by abnormal behavior, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, disturbance of consciousness, central hypoventilation, and movement disorders, with a tendency to occur in younger women. Immunotherapy and tumor removal, where applicable, are effective for this disorder. However, previous papers have shown neurological relapse in 12–24% of cases. We present a case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis relapse 5 years after the initial episode. Although the relapse was much more severe than the initial episode, she recovered with aggressive therapy using first- and second-line immunotherapies. Anti- NMDAR encephalitis could relapse with a more severe clinical course after several years. Aggressive immunotherapy including cyclophosphamide must be necessary even for recurrent cases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. |
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