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Severe relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is characterized by abnormal behavior, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, disturbance of consciousness, central hypoventilation, and movement disorders, with a tendency to occur in younger women. Immunotherapy and tumor removal, where applicable, are effective for this disorder...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Nakajima, Hideto, Unoda, Kiichi, Hara, Makoto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6661405/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31384674
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100199
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author Nakajima, Hideto
Unoda, Kiichi
Hara, Makoto
author_facet Nakajima, Hideto
Unoda, Kiichi
Hara, Makoto
author_sort Nakajima, Hideto
collection PubMed
description Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is characterized by abnormal behavior, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, disturbance of consciousness, central hypoventilation, and movement disorders, with a tendency to occur in younger women. Immunotherapy and tumor removal, where applicable, are effective for this disorder. However, previous papers have shown neurological relapse in 12–24% of cases. We present a case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis relapse 5 years after the initial episode. Although the relapse was much more severe than the initial episode, she recovered with aggressive therapy using first- and second-line immunotherapies. Anti- NMDAR encephalitis could relapse with a more severe clinical course after several years. Aggressive immunotherapy including cyclophosphamide must be necessary even for recurrent cases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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spelling pubmed-66614052019-08-05 Severe relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset Nakajima, Hideto Unoda, Kiichi Hara, Makoto eNeurologicalSci Letters to the Editor Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is characterized by abnormal behavior, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, disturbance of consciousness, central hypoventilation, and movement disorders, with a tendency to occur in younger women. Immunotherapy and tumor removal, where applicable, are effective for this disorder. However, previous papers have shown neurological relapse in 12–24% of cases. We present a case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis relapse 5 years after the initial episode. Although the relapse was much more severe than the initial episode, she recovered with aggressive therapy using first- and second-line immunotherapies. Anti- NMDAR encephalitis could relapse with a more severe clinical course after several years. Aggressive immunotherapy including cyclophosphamide must be necessary even for recurrent cases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Elsevier 2019-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6661405/ /pubmed/31384674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100199 Text en © 2019 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Letters to the Editor
Nakajima, Hideto
Unoda, Kiichi
Hara, Makoto
Severe relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset
title Severe relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset
title_full Severe relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset
title_fullStr Severe relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset
title_full_unstemmed Severe relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset
title_short Severe relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset
title_sort severe relapse of anti-nmda receptor encephalitis 5 years after initial symptom onset
topic Letters to the Editor
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6661405/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31384674
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100199
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