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Intensified tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in a prison in Northeast India: Implementation research
Structural and individual level factors in prisons create challenges towards detection and management of HIV/tuberculosis. WHO and India’s HIV/tuberculosis control programs recommend intensified case finding in prisons. Low HIV and tuberculosis detection rates suggest poor implementation of existing...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6662996/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31356606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219988 |
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author | Bhatnagar, Tarun Ralte, Malsawmtluangi Ralte, Lalhriatzuali Chawnglungmuana, Sundaramoorthy, L. Chhakchhuak, Lily |
author_facet | Bhatnagar, Tarun Ralte, Malsawmtluangi Ralte, Lalhriatzuali Chawnglungmuana, Sundaramoorthy, L. Chhakchhuak, Lily |
author_sort | Bhatnagar, Tarun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Structural and individual level factors in prisons create challenges towards detection and management of HIV/tuberculosis. WHO and India’s HIV/tuberculosis control programs recommend intensified case finding in prisons. Low HIV and tuberculosis detection rates suggest poor implementation of existing surveillance strategies within the prison healthcare system in Mizoram’s capital city of Aizawl. We explored the operational feasibility of implementing the intensified case finding strategy in Aizawl central prison. We implemented the intensified screening through entry screening of new inmates, mass screening of resident inmates and exit screening at release. We set up digital chest radiography, sputum smear microscopy and HIV testing facilities within the prison and referral to external facility for Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT). We screened 738 inmates (Male: 626; Female: 112). Of 53% inmates having presumptive tuberculosis symptoms, 37% underwent sputum microscopy. We detected 14 new tuberculosis cases; overall tuberculosis positivity 1.9%. We tested 65% of 657 inmates for HIV, of which 41 new cases were detected; overall HIV positivity 16.5%. Three male inmates had HIV-tuberculosis co-infection. It is feasible to implement intensified case detection for tuberculosis/HIV in the prison with inter-departmental coordination, albeit with certain challenges. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6662996 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66629962019-08-07 Intensified tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in a prison in Northeast India: Implementation research Bhatnagar, Tarun Ralte, Malsawmtluangi Ralte, Lalhriatzuali Chawnglungmuana, Sundaramoorthy, L. Chhakchhuak, Lily PLoS One Research Article Structural and individual level factors in prisons create challenges towards detection and management of HIV/tuberculosis. WHO and India’s HIV/tuberculosis control programs recommend intensified case finding in prisons. Low HIV and tuberculosis detection rates suggest poor implementation of existing surveillance strategies within the prison healthcare system in Mizoram’s capital city of Aizawl. We explored the operational feasibility of implementing the intensified case finding strategy in Aizawl central prison. We implemented the intensified screening through entry screening of new inmates, mass screening of resident inmates and exit screening at release. We set up digital chest radiography, sputum smear microscopy and HIV testing facilities within the prison and referral to external facility for Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT). We screened 738 inmates (Male: 626; Female: 112). Of 53% inmates having presumptive tuberculosis symptoms, 37% underwent sputum microscopy. We detected 14 new tuberculosis cases; overall tuberculosis positivity 1.9%. We tested 65% of 657 inmates for HIV, of which 41 new cases were detected; overall HIV positivity 16.5%. Three male inmates had HIV-tuberculosis co-infection. It is feasible to implement intensified case detection for tuberculosis/HIV in the prison with inter-departmental coordination, albeit with certain challenges. Public Library of Science 2019-07-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6662996/ /pubmed/31356606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219988 Text en © 2019 Bhatnagar et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Bhatnagar, Tarun Ralte, Malsawmtluangi Ralte, Lalhriatzuali Chawnglungmuana, Sundaramoorthy, L. Chhakchhuak, Lily Intensified tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in a prison in Northeast India: Implementation research |
title | Intensified tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in a prison in Northeast India: Implementation research |
title_full | Intensified tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in a prison in Northeast India: Implementation research |
title_fullStr | Intensified tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in a prison in Northeast India: Implementation research |
title_full_unstemmed | Intensified tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in a prison in Northeast India: Implementation research |
title_short | Intensified tuberculosis and HIV surveillance in a prison in Northeast India: Implementation research |
title_sort | intensified tuberculosis and hiv surveillance in a prison in northeast india: implementation research |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6662996/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31356606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219988 |
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