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Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Assay as a Canine Rabies Surveillance Tool in Goa, India

Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal. More than 95% of the human rabies cases in India are attributed to exposure to rabid dogs. This study evaluated the utility of a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFA) (Anigen Rapid Rabies Ag Test Kit, Bionote, Hwa...

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Autores principales: Yale, Gowri, Gibson, Andrew D., Mani, Reeta S., P. K., Harsha, Costa, Niceta Cunha, Corfmat, Julie, Otter, Ilona, Otter, Nigel, Handel, Ian G., Bronsvoort, Barend Mark, Mellanby, Richard J., Desai, Santosh, Naik, Vilas, Gamble, Luke, Mazeri, Stella
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6669590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31311178
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11070649
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author Yale, Gowri
Gibson, Andrew D.
Mani, Reeta S.
P. K., Harsha
Costa, Niceta Cunha
Corfmat, Julie
Otter, Ilona
Otter, Nigel
Handel, Ian G.
Bronsvoort, Barend Mark
Mellanby, Richard J.
Desai, Santosh
Naik, Vilas
Gamble, Luke
Mazeri, Stella
author_facet Yale, Gowri
Gibson, Andrew D.
Mani, Reeta S.
P. K., Harsha
Costa, Niceta Cunha
Corfmat, Julie
Otter, Ilona
Otter, Nigel
Handel, Ian G.
Bronsvoort, Barend Mark
Mellanby, Richard J.
Desai, Santosh
Naik, Vilas
Gamble, Luke
Mazeri, Stella
author_sort Yale, Gowri
collection PubMed
description Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal. More than 95% of the human rabies cases in India are attributed to exposure to rabid dogs. This study evaluated the utility of a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFA) (Anigen Rapid Rabies Ag Test Kit, Bionote, Hwaseong-si, Korea) for rapid post mortem diagnosis of rabies in dogs. Brain tissue was collected from 202 animals that were screened through the Government of Goa rabies surveillance system. The brain tissue samples were obtained from 188 dogs, nine cats, three bovines, one jackal and one monkey. In addition, 10 dogs that died due to trauma from road accidents were included as negative controls for the study. The diagnostic performance of LFA was evaluated using results from direct fluorescence antibody test (dFT); the current gold standard post mortem test for rabies infection. Three samples were removed from the analysis as they were autolysed and not fit for testing by dFT. Of the 209 samples tested, 117 tested positive by LFA and 92 tested negative, while 121 tested positive by dFT and 88 tested negative. Estimates of LFA sensitivity and specificity were 0.96 (95% CI 0.91–0.99) and 0.99 (95% CI 0.94–1.00), respectively. The LFA is a simple and low-cost assay that aids in the rapid diagnosis of rabies in the field without the need for expensive laboratory equipment or technical expertise. This study found that Bionote LFA has potential as a screening tool in rabies endemic countries.
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spelling pubmed-66695902019-08-08 Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Assay as a Canine Rabies Surveillance Tool in Goa, India Yale, Gowri Gibson, Andrew D. Mani, Reeta S. P. K., Harsha Costa, Niceta Cunha Corfmat, Julie Otter, Ilona Otter, Nigel Handel, Ian G. Bronsvoort, Barend Mark Mellanby, Richard J. Desai, Santosh Naik, Vilas Gamble, Luke Mazeri, Stella Viruses Article Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal. More than 95% of the human rabies cases in India are attributed to exposure to rabid dogs. This study evaluated the utility of a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFA) (Anigen Rapid Rabies Ag Test Kit, Bionote, Hwaseong-si, Korea) for rapid post mortem diagnosis of rabies in dogs. Brain tissue was collected from 202 animals that were screened through the Government of Goa rabies surveillance system. The brain tissue samples were obtained from 188 dogs, nine cats, three bovines, one jackal and one monkey. In addition, 10 dogs that died due to trauma from road accidents were included as negative controls for the study. The diagnostic performance of LFA was evaluated using results from direct fluorescence antibody test (dFT); the current gold standard post mortem test for rabies infection. Three samples were removed from the analysis as they were autolysed and not fit for testing by dFT. Of the 209 samples tested, 117 tested positive by LFA and 92 tested negative, while 121 tested positive by dFT and 88 tested negative. Estimates of LFA sensitivity and specificity were 0.96 (95% CI 0.91–0.99) and 0.99 (95% CI 0.94–1.00), respectively. The LFA is a simple and low-cost assay that aids in the rapid diagnosis of rabies in the field without the need for expensive laboratory equipment or technical expertise. This study found that Bionote LFA has potential as a screening tool in rabies endemic countries. MDPI 2019-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6669590/ /pubmed/31311178 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11070649 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yale, Gowri
Gibson, Andrew D.
Mani, Reeta S.
P. K., Harsha
Costa, Niceta Cunha
Corfmat, Julie
Otter, Ilona
Otter, Nigel
Handel, Ian G.
Bronsvoort, Barend Mark
Mellanby, Richard J.
Desai, Santosh
Naik, Vilas
Gamble, Luke
Mazeri, Stella
Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Assay as a Canine Rabies Surveillance Tool in Goa, India
title Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Assay as a Canine Rabies Surveillance Tool in Goa, India
title_full Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Assay as a Canine Rabies Surveillance Tool in Goa, India
title_fullStr Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Assay as a Canine Rabies Surveillance Tool in Goa, India
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Assay as a Canine Rabies Surveillance Tool in Goa, India
title_short Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Assay as a Canine Rabies Surveillance Tool in Goa, India
title_sort evaluation of an immunochromatographic assay as a canine rabies surveillance tool in goa, india
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6669590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31311178
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11070649
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