Cargando…
Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) participates in the build up of hematopoietic cells in the early embryonic stage: an abortion case observation
BACKGROUND: At the 3rd week of human embryo, some cell clumps are formed by the hyperplasia of mesenchymal cells at the germ layer of the yolk sac wall. These cell clumps are known as blood islands. The cells in the center of the blood islands further develop into primitive blood cells, such as hema...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6670229/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31370844 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13000-019-0858-5 |
_version_ | 1783440522657923072 |
---|---|
author | An, Jianhong Zhang, Yufeng Luo, Jiao Shen, Hong |
author_facet | An, Jianhong Zhang, Yufeng Luo, Jiao Shen, Hong |
author_sort | An, Jianhong |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: At the 3rd week of human embryo, some cell clumps are formed by the hyperplasia of mesenchymal cells at the germ layer of the yolk sac wall. These cell clumps are known as blood islands. The cells in the center of the blood islands further develop into primitive blood cells, such as hematopoietic stem cells. The blood island in the yolk sac further develops into the extramedullary hematopoietic tissue in 1 week at the 3rd to 4th week. CASE PRESENTATION: A 32-year-old pregnant woman who missed menstruation for 42 days discovered that her pregnancy required an abortion. The tissue collected after the abortion was a piece of gray-yellow and villus-like intrauterine tissue of a size of approximately 4 cm × 3 cm × 1.3 cm. The paraffin section stained with hematoxylin and eosin and observed under the light microscope showed a visible small embryo tissue in the early placental tissue. In the embryonic tissue, a large amount of extramedullary hematopoietic tissue was present, including myeloid, erythroid and megakaryocytic cells. The extramedullary hematopoietic cells were located in the blood vessels or naive liver sinus, were positive for alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and were without lymphocytes. The erythrocytes consisted of a large number of nucleated red blood cells. In addition, a neural tube and cystic structure were found. The final pathological diagnosis was as follows: Early embryonic tissue with a cystic structure formation in the embryo. After medical abortion the pregnant woman recovered well, without complications. CONCLUSIONS: Our case illustrates that AFP is an important structural protein of nucleated erythrocytes and myeloid hematopoietic cells, suggesting that it may participate in the build up of nucleated erythrocytes and myeloid hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, our case suggests that nucleated red blood cells can be detected from the 42nd day of pregnancy by a peripheral blood sample from the mother. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6670229 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66702292019-08-06 Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) participates in the build up of hematopoietic cells in the early embryonic stage: an abortion case observation An, Jianhong Zhang, Yufeng Luo, Jiao Shen, Hong Diagn Pathol Case Report BACKGROUND: At the 3rd week of human embryo, some cell clumps are formed by the hyperplasia of mesenchymal cells at the germ layer of the yolk sac wall. These cell clumps are known as blood islands. The cells in the center of the blood islands further develop into primitive blood cells, such as hematopoietic stem cells. The blood island in the yolk sac further develops into the extramedullary hematopoietic tissue in 1 week at the 3rd to 4th week. CASE PRESENTATION: A 32-year-old pregnant woman who missed menstruation for 42 days discovered that her pregnancy required an abortion. The tissue collected after the abortion was a piece of gray-yellow and villus-like intrauterine tissue of a size of approximately 4 cm × 3 cm × 1.3 cm. The paraffin section stained with hematoxylin and eosin and observed under the light microscope showed a visible small embryo tissue in the early placental tissue. In the embryonic tissue, a large amount of extramedullary hematopoietic tissue was present, including myeloid, erythroid and megakaryocytic cells. The extramedullary hematopoietic cells were located in the blood vessels or naive liver sinus, were positive for alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and were without lymphocytes. The erythrocytes consisted of a large number of nucleated red blood cells. In addition, a neural tube and cystic structure were found. The final pathological diagnosis was as follows: Early embryonic tissue with a cystic structure formation in the embryo. After medical abortion the pregnant woman recovered well, without complications. CONCLUSIONS: Our case illustrates that AFP is an important structural protein of nucleated erythrocytes and myeloid hematopoietic cells, suggesting that it may participate in the build up of nucleated erythrocytes and myeloid hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, our case suggests that nucleated red blood cells can be detected from the 42nd day of pregnancy by a peripheral blood sample from the mother. BioMed Central 2019-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6670229/ /pubmed/31370844 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13000-019-0858-5 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Case Report An, Jianhong Zhang, Yufeng Luo, Jiao Shen, Hong Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) participates in the build up of hematopoietic cells in the early embryonic stage: an abortion case observation |
title | Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) participates in the build up of hematopoietic cells in the early embryonic stage: an abortion case observation |
title_full | Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) participates in the build up of hematopoietic cells in the early embryonic stage: an abortion case observation |
title_fullStr | Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) participates in the build up of hematopoietic cells in the early embryonic stage: an abortion case observation |
title_full_unstemmed | Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) participates in the build up of hematopoietic cells in the early embryonic stage: an abortion case observation |
title_short | Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) participates in the build up of hematopoietic cells in the early embryonic stage: an abortion case observation |
title_sort | alpha fetoprotein (afp) participates in the build up of hematopoietic cells in the early embryonic stage: an abortion case observation |
topic | Case Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6670229/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31370844 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13000-019-0858-5 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT anjianhong alphafetoproteinafpparticipatesinthebuildupofhematopoieticcellsintheearlyembryonicstageanabortioncaseobservation AT zhangyufeng alphafetoproteinafpparticipatesinthebuildupofhematopoieticcellsintheearlyembryonicstageanabortioncaseobservation AT luojiao alphafetoproteinafpparticipatesinthebuildupofhematopoieticcellsintheearlyembryonicstageanabortioncaseobservation AT shenhong alphafetoproteinafpparticipatesinthebuildupofhematopoieticcellsintheearlyembryonicstageanabortioncaseobservation |