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MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression
Diabetes mellitus, together with its complications, has been increasing in prevalence worldwide. Its complications include cardiovascular disease (e.g., myocardial infarction, stroke), neuropathy, nephropathy, and eye complications (e.g., glaucoma, cataracts, retinopathy, and macular edema). In pati...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2019
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6676865/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31290435 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.259602 |
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author | Martinez, Bridget Peplow, Philip V. |
author_facet | Martinez, Bridget Peplow, Philip V. |
author_sort | Martinez, Bridget |
collection | PubMed |
description | Diabetes mellitus, together with its complications, has been increasing in prevalence worldwide. Its complications include cardiovascular disease (e.g., myocardial infarction, stroke), neuropathy, nephropathy, and eye complications (e.g., glaucoma, cataracts, retinopathy, and macular edema). In patients with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of visual impairment or blindness. It is characterized by progressive changes in the retinal microvasculature. The progression from nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy to a more advanced stage of moderate to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy occurs very quickly after diagnosis of mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. The etiology of diabetic retinopathy is unclear, and present treatments have limited effectiveness. Currently diabetic retinopathy can only be diagnosed by a trained specialist, which reduces the population that can be examined. A screening biomarker of diabetic retinopathy with high sensitivity and specificity would aid considerably in identifying those individuals in need of clinical assessment and treatment. The majority of the studies reviewed identified specific microRNAs in blood serum/plasma able to distinguish diabetic patients with retinopathy from those without retinopathy and for the progresion of the disease from nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy to proliferative diabetic retinopathy. In addition, certain microRNAs in vitreous humor were dysregulated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy compared to controls. A very high percentage of patients with diabetic retinopathy develop Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, identifying diabetic retinopathy by measurement of suitable biomarkers would also enable better screening and treatment of those individuals at risk of Alzheimer’s disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6676865 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66768652019-11-01 MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression Martinez, Bridget Peplow, Philip V. Neural Regen Res Review Diabetes mellitus, together with its complications, has been increasing in prevalence worldwide. Its complications include cardiovascular disease (e.g., myocardial infarction, stroke), neuropathy, nephropathy, and eye complications (e.g., glaucoma, cataracts, retinopathy, and macular edema). In patients with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of visual impairment or blindness. It is characterized by progressive changes in the retinal microvasculature. The progression from nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy to a more advanced stage of moderate to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy occurs very quickly after diagnosis of mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. The etiology of diabetic retinopathy is unclear, and present treatments have limited effectiveness. Currently diabetic retinopathy can only be diagnosed by a trained specialist, which reduces the population that can be examined. A screening biomarker of diabetic retinopathy with high sensitivity and specificity would aid considerably in identifying those individuals in need of clinical assessment and treatment. The majority of the studies reviewed identified specific microRNAs in blood serum/plasma able to distinguish diabetic patients with retinopathy from those without retinopathy and for the progresion of the disease from nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy to proliferative diabetic retinopathy. In addition, certain microRNAs in vitreous humor were dysregulated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy compared to controls. A very high percentage of patients with diabetic retinopathy develop Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, identifying diabetic retinopathy by measurement of suitable biomarkers would also enable better screening and treatment of those individuals at risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2019-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6676865/ /pubmed/31290435 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.259602 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Review Martinez, Bridget Peplow, Philip V. MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression |
title | MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression |
title_full | MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression |
title_fullStr | MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression |
title_full_unstemmed | MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression |
title_short | MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression |
title_sort | micrornas as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6676865/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31290435 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.259602 |
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