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Candida albicans-Cell Interactions Activate Innate Immune Defense in Human Palate Epithelial Primary Cells via Nitric Oxide (NO) and β-Defensin 2 (hBD-2)
The presence of Candida albicans in the biofilm underlying the dental prosthesis is related to denture stomatitis (DS), an inflammatory reaction of the oral mucosa. The oral epithelium, a component of the innate immune response, has the ability to react to fungal invasion. In this study, we evaluate...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6678605/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31336838 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8070707 |
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author | Casaroto, Ana Regina da Silva, Rafaela Alves Salmeron, Samira de Rezende, Maria Lúcia Rubo Dionísio, Thiago José dos Santos, Carlos Ferreira Pinke, Karen Henriette Klingbeil, Maria Fátima Guarizo Salomão, Priscila Aranda Lopes, Marcelo Milanda Ribeiro Lara, Vanessa Soares |
author_facet | Casaroto, Ana Regina da Silva, Rafaela Alves Salmeron, Samira de Rezende, Maria Lúcia Rubo Dionísio, Thiago José dos Santos, Carlos Ferreira Pinke, Karen Henriette Klingbeil, Maria Fátima Guarizo Salomão, Priscila Aranda Lopes, Marcelo Milanda Ribeiro Lara, Vanessa Soares |
author_sort | Casaroto, Ana Regina |
collection | PubMed |
description | The presence of Candida albicans in the biofilm underlying the dental prosthesis is related to denture stomatitis (DS), an inflammatory reaction of the oral mucosa. The oral epithelium, a component of the innate immune response, has the ability to react to fungal invasion. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro effect of viable C. albicans on the apoptosis, nitric oxide (NO) production, and β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) expression and production of human palate epithelial cells (HPECs). We further determined whether or not these effects were correlated with fungal invasion of epithelial cells. Interaction between HPEC primary culture and C. albicans was obtained through either direct or indirect cell–cell contact with a supernatant from a hyphal fungus. We found that the hyphae supernatants were sufficient to induce slight HPEC apoptosis, which occurred prior to the activation of the specific mechanisms of epithelial defense. The epithelial defense responses were found to occur via NO and antimicrobial peptide hBD-2 production only during direct contact between C. albicans and HPECs and coincided with the fungus’s intraepithelial invasion. However, although the hBD-2 levels remained constant in the HPEC supernatants over time, the NO release and hBD-2 gene expression were reduced at a later time (10 h), indicating that the epithelial defense capacity against the fungal invasion was not maintained in later phases. This aspect of the immune response was associated with increased epithelial invasion and apoptosis maintenance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6678605 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66786052019-08-19 Candida albicans-Cell Interactions Activate Innate Immune Defense in Human Palate Epithelial Primary Cells via Nitric Oxide (NO) and β-Defensin 2 (hBD-2) Casaroto, Ana Regina da Silva, Rafaela Alves Salmeron, Samira de Rezende, Maria Lúcia Rubo Dionísio, Thiago José dos Santos, Carlos Ferreira Pinke, Karen Henriette Klingbeil, Maria Fátima Guarizo Salomão, Priscila Aranda Lopes, Marcelo Milanda Ribeiro Lara, Vanessa Soares Cells Article The presence of Candida albicans in the biofilm underlying the dental prosthesis is related to denture stomatitis (DS), an inflammatory reaction of the oral mucosa. The oral epithelium, a component of the innate immune response, has the ability to react to fungal invasion. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro effect of viable C. albicans on the apoptosis, nitric oxide (NO) production, and β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) expression and production of human palate epithelial cells (HPECs). We further determined whether or not these effects were correlated with fungal invasion of epithelial cells. Interaction between HPEC primary culture and C. albicans was obtained through either direct or indirect cell–cell contact with a supernatant from a hyphal fungus. We found that the hyphae supernatants were sufficient to induce slight HPEC apoptosis, which occurred prior to the activation of the specific mechanisms of epithelial defense. The epithelial defense responses were found to occur via NO and antimicrobial peptide hBD-2 production only during direct contact between C. albicans and HPECs and coincided with the fungus’s intraepithelial invasion. However, although the hBD-2 levels remained constant in the HPEC supernatants over time, the NO release and hBD-2 gene expression were reduced at a later time (10 h), indicating that the epithelial defense capacity against the fungal invasion was not maintained in later phases. This aspect of the immune response was associated with increased epithelial invasion and apoptosis maintenance. MDPI 2019-07-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6678605/ /pubmed/31336838 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8070707 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Casaroto, Ana Regina da Silva, Rafaela Alves Salmeron, Samira de Rezende, Maria Lúcia Rubo Dionísio, Thiago José dos Santos, Carlos Ferreira Pinke, Karen Henriette Klingbeil, Maria Fátima Guarizo Salomão, Priscila Aranda Lopes, Marcelo Milanda Ribeiro Lara, Vanessa Soares Candida albicans-Cell Interactions Activate Innate Immune Defense in Human Palate Epithelial Primary Cells via Nitric Oxide (NO) and β-Defensin 2 (hBD-2) |
title | Candida albicans-Cell Interactions Activate Innate Immune Defense in Human Palate Epithelial Primary Cells via Nitric Oxide (NO) and β-Defensin 2 (hBD-2) |
title_full | Candida albicans-Cell Interactions Activate Innate Immune Defense in Human Palate Epithelial Primary Cells via Nitric Oxide (NO) and β-Defensin 2 (hBD-2) |
title_fullStr | Candida albicans-Cell Interactions Activate Innate Immune Defense in Human Palate Epithelial Primary Cells via Nitric Oxide (NO) and β-Defensin 2 (hBD-2) |
title_full_unstemmed | Candida albicans-Cell Interactions Activate Innate Immune Defense in Human Palate Epithelial Primary Cells via Nitric Oxide (NO) and β-Defensin 2 (hBD-2) |
title_short | Candida albicans-Cell Interactions Activate Innate Immune Defense in Human Palate Epithelial Primary Cells via Nitric Oxide (NO) and β-Defensin 2 (hBD-2) |
title_sort | candida albicans-cell interactions activate innate immune defense in human palate epithelial primary cells via nitric oxide (no) and β-defensin 2 (hbd-2) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6678605/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31336838 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8070707 |
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