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The development of the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework

BACKGROUND: Policy analysis is considered essential for achieving successful reforms in health promotion and public health. The only framework for physical activity (PA) policy analysis was developed at a time when the field of PA policy research was in its early stages. PA policy research has since...

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Autores principales: Klepac Pogrmilovic, Bojana, O’Sullivan, Grant, Milton, Karen, Biddle, Stuart J. H., Bauman, Adrian, Bellew, William, Cavill, Nick, Kahlmeier, Sonja, Kelly, Michael P., Mutrie, Nanette, Pratt, Michael, Rutter, Harry, Ramirez Varela, Andrea, Woods, Catherine, Pedisic, Zeljko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6679550/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31375132
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0822-5
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author Klepac Pogrmilovic, Bojana
O’Sullivan, Grant
Milton, Karen
Biddle, Stuart J. H.
Bauman, Adrian
Bellew, William
Cavill, Nick
Kahlmeier, Sonja
Kelly, Michael P.
Mutrie, Nanette
Pratt, Michael
Rutter, Harry
Ramirez Varela, Andrea
Woods, Catherine
Pedisic, Zeljko
author_facet Klepac Pogrmilovic, Bojana
O’Sullivan, Grant
Milton, Karen
Biddle, Stuart J. H.
Bauman, Adrian
Bellew, William
Cavill, Nick
Kahlmeier, Sonja
Kelly, Michael P.
Mutrie, Nanette
Pratt, Michael
Rutter, Harry
Ramirez Varela, Andrea
Woods, Catherine
Pedisic, Zeljko
author_sort Klepac Pogrmilovic, Bojana
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Policy analysis is considered essential for achieving successful reforms in health promotion and public health. The only framework for physical activity (PA) policy analysis was developed at a time when the field of PA policy research was in its early stages. PA policy research has since grown, and our understanding of what elements need to be included in a comprehensive analysis of PA policy is now more refined. This study developed a new conceptual framework for PA policy analysis – the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework. METHODS: The development of the CAPPA framework was based on: (i) an extensive review of literature; (ii) an open discussion between the authors; (iii) three rounds of a Delphi process; and (iv) two-rounds of consultations with PA policy stakeholders. RESULTS: The CAPPA framework specifies 38 elements of a comprehensive analysis of PA policies in the following six categories, which comprise the building blocks of the framework: (i) purpose of analysis (including auditing and assessment of policies); (ii) policy level (including: international; national; subnational; local; and institutional policies); (iii) policy sector (including: health; sport; recreation and leisure; education; transport; environment; urban/rural planning and design; tourism; work and employment; public finance; and research sectors); (iv) type of policy (including: formal written policies; unwritten formal statements; written standards and guidelines; formal procedures; and informal policies); (v) stage of policy cycle (including: agenda setting; formulation; endorsement/legitimisation; implementation; evaluation; maintenance; termination; and succession); and (vi) scope of analysis (including availability; context; processes; actors; political will; content; and effects). Based on the CAPPA framework, we also proposed broad and inclusive definitions of PA policy and PA policy analysis. CONCLUSION: The CAPPA framework may be used to guide future studies related to PA policy and to provide a context for the analysis of its specific components. The framework could be used in the same way for sedentary behaviour policy research. Future research should examine the extent to which PA policy analysis has covered each of the elements specified in the CAPPA framework and analyse the elements for which evidence is lacking. Future studies should also determine whether the existing tools allow for auditing and assessment of all the CAPPA elements and develop new tools if needed to allow for a more comprehensive PA policy analysis.
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spelling pubmed-66795502019-08-06 The development of the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework Klepac Pogrmilovic, Bojana O’Sullivan, Grant Milton, Karen Biddle, Stuart J. H. Bauman, Adrian Bellew, William Cavill, Nick Kahlmeier, Sonja Kelly, Michael P. Mutrie, Nanette Pratt, Michael Rutter, Harry Ramirez Varela, Andrea Woods, Catherine Pedisic, Zeljko Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Research BACKGROUND: Policy analysis is considered essential for achieving successful reforms in health promotion and public health. The only framework for physical activity (PA) policy analysis was developed at a time when the field of PA policy research was in its early stages. PA policy research has since grown, and our understanding of what elements need to be included in a comprehensive analysis of PA policy is now more refined. This study developed a new conceptual framework for PA policy analysis – the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework. METHODS: The development of the CAPPA framework was based on: (i) an extensive review of literature; (ii) an open discussion between the authors; (iii) three rounds of a Delphi process; and (iv) two-rounds of consultations with PA policy stakeholders. RESULTS: The CAPPA framework specifies 38 elements of a comprehensive analysis of PA policies in the following six categories, which comprise the building blocks of the framework: (i) purpose of analysis (including auditing and assessment of policies); (ii) policy level (including: international; national; subnational; local; and institutional policies); (iii) policy sector (including: health; sport; recreation and leisure; education; transport; environment; urban/rural planning and design; tourism; work and employment; public finance; and research sectors); (iv) type of policy (including: formal written policies; unwritten formal statements; written standards and guidelines; formal procedures; and informal policies); (v) stage of policy cycle (including: agenda setting; formulation; endorsement/legitimisation; implementation; evaluation; maintenance; termination; and succession); and (vi) scope of analysis (including availability; context; processes; actors; political will; content; and effects). Based on the CAPPA framework, we also proposed broad and inclusive definitions of PA policy and PA policy analysis. CONCLUSION: The CAPPA framework may be used to guide future studies related to PA policy and to provide a context for the analysis of its specific components. The framework could be used in the same way for sedentary behaviour policy research. Future research should examine the extent to which PA policy analysis has covered each of the elements specified in the CAPPA framework and analyse the elements for which evidence is lacking. Future studies should also determine whether the existing tools allow for auditing and assessment of all the CAPPA elements and develop new tools if needed to allow for a more comprehensive PA policy analysis. BioMed Central 2019-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6679550/ /pubmed/31375132 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0822-5 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Klepac Pogrmilovic, Bojana
O’Sullivan, Grant
Milton, Karen
Biddle, Stuart J. H.
Bauman, Adrian
Bellew, William
Cavill, Nick
Kahlmeier, Sonja
Kelly, Michael P.
Mutrie, Nanette
Pratt, Michael
Rutter, Harry
Ramirez Varela, Andrea
Woods, Catherine
Pedisic, Zeljko
The development of the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework
title The development of the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework
title_full The development of the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework
title_fullStr The development of the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework
title_full_unstemmed The development of the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework
title_short The development of the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity (CAPPA) framework
title_sort development of the comprehensive analysis of policy on physical activity (cappa) framework
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6679550/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31375132
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0822-5
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