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Heroin Overdose-Related Child and Adolescent Hospitalizations: Insight on Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders

Objective: To evaluate the association between psychiatric comorbidities, substance use disorders and heroin overdose-related hospitalizations (HOD). Next, to understand the demographic trend of HOD hospitalizations and comorbidities. Methods: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), we included...

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Autores principales: Queeneth, Uwandu, Bhimanadham, Narmada N., Mainali, Pranita, Onyeaka, Henry K., Pankaj, Amaya, Patel, Rikinkumar S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6680937/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31337011
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs9070077
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author Queeneth, Uwandu
Bhimanadham, Narmada N.
Mainali, Pranita
Onyeaka, Henry K.
Pankaj, Amaya
Patel, Rikinkumar S.
author_facet Queeneth, Uwandu
Bhimanadham, Narmada N.
Mainali, Pranita
Onyeaka, Henry K.
Pankaj, Amaya
Patel, Rikinkumar S.
author_sort Queeneth, Uwandu
collection PubMed
description Objective: To evaluate the association between psychiatric comorbidities, substance use disorders and heroin overdose-related hospitalizations (HOD). Next, to understand the demographic trend of HOD hospitalizations and comorbidities. Methods: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), we included 27,442,808 child and adolescent hospitalizations, and 1432 inpatients (0.005%) were managed primarily for HOD. The odds ratio (OR) of the association of variables in HOD inpatients were measured using a logistic regression model. Results: Adolescents had 56 times higher odds (95% CI 43.36–73.30) for HOD-related hospitalizations compared to 4.6% children under 11 years. About three-fifth of the HOD inpatients were male, and they had 1.5-fold higher odds (95% CI 1.30–1.64) compared to 43% females in the study population. Whites were considerably higher in proportion (81%) than other race/ethnicities. A greater portion of HOD inpatients (40%) were from high-income families. Most common comorbid psychiatric disorders were mood (43.8%) and anxiety (20.4%). The prevalent comorbid substance use disorders were opioid (62.4%), tobacco (36.8%) and cannabis (28.5%) use disorders. Conclusion: HOD-related hospitalizations were predominant in males, White and older adolescents (12–18 years). Prescription opioids are the bridge to heroin abuse, thereby increasing the vulnerability to other substance abuse. This requires more surveillance and should be explored to help reduce the heroin epidemic in children.
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spelling pubmed-66809372019-08-09 Heroin Overdose-Related Child and Adolescent Hospitalizations: Insight on Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders Queeneth, Uwandu Bhimanadham, Narmada N. Mainali, Pranita Onyeaka, Henry K. Pankaj, Amaya Patel, Rikinkumar S. Behav Sci (Basel) Article Objective: To evaluate the association between psychiatric comorbidities, substance use disorders and heroin overdose-related hospitalizations (HOD). Next, to understand the demographic trend of HOD hospitalizations and comorbidities. Methods: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), we included 27,442,808 child and adolescent hospitalizations, and 1432 inpatients (0.005%) were managed primarily for HOD. The odds ratio (OR) of the association of variables in HOD inpatients were measured using a logistic regression model. Results: Adolescents had 56 times higher odds (95% CI 43.36–73.30) for HOD-related hospitalizations compared to 4.6% children under 11 years. About three-fifth of the HOD inpatients were male, and they had 1.5-fold higher odds (95% CI 1.30–1.64) compared to 43% females in the study population. Whites were considerably higher in proportion (81%) than other race/ethnicities. A greater portion of HOD inpatients (40%) were from high-income families. Most common comorbid psychiatric disorders were mood (43.8%) and anxiety (20.4%). The prevalent comorbid substance use disorders were opioid (62.4%), tobacco (36.8%) and cannabis (28.5%) use disorders. Conclusion: HOD-related hospitalizations were predominant in males, White and older adolescents (12–18 years). Prescription opioids are the bridge to heroin abuse, thereby increasing the vulnerability to other substance abuse. This requires more surveillance and should be explored to help reduce the heroin epidemic in children. MDPI 2019-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6680937/ /pubmed/31337011 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs9070077 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Queeneth, Uwandu
Bhimanadham, Narmada N.
Mainali, Pranita
Onyeaka, Henry K.
Pankaj, Amaya
Patel, Rikinkumar S.
Heroin Overdose-Related Child and Adolescent Hospitalizations: Insight on Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
title Heroin Overdose-Related Child and Adolescent Hospitalizations: Insight on Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
title_full Heroin Overdose-Related Child and Adolescent Hospitalizations: Insight on Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
title_fullStr Heroin Overdose-Related Child and Adolescent Hospitalizations: Insight on Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Heroin Overdose-Related Child and Adolescent Hospitalizations: Insight on Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
title_short Heroin Overdose-Related Child and Adolescent Hospitalizations: Insight on Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
title_sort heroin overdose-related child and adolescent hospitalizations: insight on comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6680937/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31337011
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs9070077
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