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Maternal Risk Factors for Stillbirth: A Registry–Based Study

Background and Objectives: The number of stillbirths has reduced more slowly than has maternal mortality or mortality in children younger than 5 years, which were explicitly targeted in the Millennium Development Goals. Placental pathologies and infection associated with preterm birth are linked to...

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Autores principales: Zile, Irisa, Ebela, Inguna, Rumba-Rozenfelde, Ingrida
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6681231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31266254
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070326
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author Zile, Irisa
Ebela, Inguna
Rumba-Rozenfelde, Ingrida
author_facet Zile, Irisa
Ebela, Inguna
Rumba-Rozenfelde, Ingrida
author_sort Zile, Irisa
collection PubMed
description Background and Objectives: The number of stillbirths has reduced more slowly than has maternal mortality or mortality in children younger than 5 years, which were explicitly targeted in the Millennium Development Goals. Placental pathologies and infection associated with preterm birth are linked to a substantial proportion of stillbirths. Appropriate preconception care and quality antenatal care that is accessible to all women has the potential to reduce stillbirth rates. The aim of the present study was to assess potential risk factors associated with stillbirth within maternal medical diseases and obstetric complications. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study (2001–2014) was used to analyse data from the Medical Birth Register on stillbirth and live births as controls. Adjusted Odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Multiple regression model adjusted for maternal age, parity and gestational age. Results: The stillbirth rate was 6.2 per 1000 live and stillbirths. The presence of maternal medical diseases greatly increased the risk of stillbirth including diabetes mellitus (aOR = 2.5; p < 0.001), chronic hypertension 3.1 (aOR = 3.1; p < 0.001) and oligohydromnios/polyhydromnios (aOR = 2.4; p < 0.001). Pregnancy complications such as intrauterine growth restriction (aOR = 2.2; p < 0.001) was important risk factor for stillbirth. Abruption was associated with a 2.8 odds of stillbirth. Conclusions: Risk factors most significantly associated with stillbirth include maternal history of chronic hypertension and abruptio placenta which is a common cause of death in stillbirth. Early identification of potential risk factors and appropriate perinatal management are important issues in the prevention of adverse fetal outcomes and preventive strategies need to focus on improving antenatal detection of fetal growth restriction.
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spelling pubmed-66812312019-08-09 Maternal Risk Factors for Stillbirth: A Registry–Based Study Zile, Irisa Ebela, Inguna Rumba-Rozenfelde, Ingrida Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background and Objectives: The number of stillbirths has reduced more slowly than has maternal mortality or mortality in children younger than 5 years, which were explicitly targeted in the Millennium Development Goals. Placental pathologies and infection associated with preterm birth are linked to a substantial proportion of stillbirths. Appropriate preconception care and quality antenatal care that is accessible to all women has the potential to reduce stillbirth rates. The aim of the present study was to assess potential risk factors associated with stillbirth within maternal medical diseases and obstetric complications. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study (2001–2014) was used to analyse data from the Medical Birth Register on stillbirth and live births as controls. Adjusted Odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Multiple regression model adjusted for maternal age, parity and gestational age. Results: The stillbirth rate was 6.2 per 1000 live and stillbirths. The presence of maternal medical diseases greatly increased the risk of stillbirth including diabetes mellitus (aOR = 2.5; p < 0.001), chronic hypertension 3.1 (aOR = 3.1; p < 0.001) and oligohydromnios/polyhydromnios (aOR = 2.4; p < 0.001). Pregnancy complications such as intrauterine growth restriction (aOR = 2.2; p < 0.001) was important risk factor for stillbirth. Abruption was associated with a 2.8 odds of stillbirth. Conclusions: Risk factors most significantly associated with stillbirth include maternal history of chronic hypertension and abruptio placenta which is a common cause of death in stillbirth. Early identification of potential risk factors and appropriate perinatal management are important issues in the prevention of adverse fetal outcomes and preventive strategies need to focus on improving antenatal detection of fetal growth restriction. MDPI 2019-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6681231/ /pubmed/31266254 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070326 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zile, Irisa
Ebela, Inguna
Rumba-Rozenfelde, Ingrida
Maternal Risk Factors for Stillbirth: A Registry–Based Study
title Maternal Risk Factors for Stillbirth: A Registry–Based Study
title_full Maternal Risk Factors for Stillbirth: A Registry–Based Study
title_fullStr Maternal Risk Factors for Stillbirth: A Registry–Based Study
title_full_unstemmed Maternal Risk Factors for Stillbirth: A Registry–Based Study
title_short Maternal Risk Factors for Stillbirth: A Registry–Based Study
title_sort maternal risk factors for stillbirth: a registry–based study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6681231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31266254
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070326
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