Cargando…
Exercise Alleviates Cognitive Functions by Enhancing Hippocampal Insulin Signaling and Neuroplasticity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity
Obesity, caused by a high-fat diet (HFD), leads to insulin resistance, which is a precursor of diabetes and a risk factor for impaired cognitive function, dementia, and brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Physical exercise has positive effects on obesity and brain functions. We investigated...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6683269/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31311133 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11071603 |
_version_ | 1783442054048645120 |
---|---|
author | Park, Hye-Sang Park, Sang-Seo Kim, Chang-Ju Shin, Mal-Soon Kim, Tae-Woon |
author_facet | Park, Hye-Sang Park, Sang-Seo Kim, Chang-Ju Shin, Mal-Soon Kim, Tae-Woon |
author_sort | Park, Hye-Sang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Obesity, caused by a high-fat diet (HFD), leads to insulin resistance, which is a precursor of diabetes and a risk factor for impaired cognitive function, dementia, and brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Physical exercise has positive effects on obesity and brain functions. We investigated whether the decline in cognitive function caused by a HFD could be improved through exercise by examining insulin signaling pathways and neuroplasticity in the hippocampus. Four-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed a HFD or a regular diet for 20 weeks, followed by 12 weeks of treadmill exercise. To ascertain the effects of treadmill exercise on impaired cognitive function caused by obesity, the present study implemented behavioral testing (Morris water maze, step-down). Moreover, insulin-signaling and neuroplasticity were measured in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. Our results demonstrated that HFD-fed obesity-induced insulin resistance was improved by exercise. In addition, the HFD group showed a decrease in insulin signaling and neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and the dentate gyrus and increased cognitive function impairment, which were reversed by physical exercise. Overall, our findings indicate that physical exercise may act as a non-pharmacologic method that protects against cognitive dysfunction caused by obesity by improving hippocampal insulin signaling and neuroplasticity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6683269 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66832692019-08-09 Exercise Alleviates Cognitive Functions by Enhancing Hippocampal Insulin Signaling and Neuroplasticity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Park, Hye-Sang Park, Sang-Seo Kim, Chang-Ju Shin, Mal-Soon Kim, Tae-Woon Nutrients Article Obesity, caused by a high-fat diet (HFD), leads to insulin resistance, which is a precursor of diabetes and a risk factor for impaired cognitive function, dementia, and brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Physical exercise has positive effects on obesity and brain functions. We investigated whether the decline in cognitive function caused by a HFD could be improved through exercise by examining insulin signaling pathways and neuroplasticity in the hippocampus. Four-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed a HFD or a regular diet for 20 weeks, followed by 12 weeks of treadmill exercise. To ascertain the effects of treadmill exercise on impaired cognitive function caused by obesity, the present study implemented behavioral testing (Morris water maze, step-down). Moreover, insulin-signaling and neuroplasticity were measured in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. Our results demonstrated that HFD-fed obesity-induced insulin resistance was improved by exercise. In addition, the HFD group showed a decrease in insulin signaling and neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and the dentate gyrus and increased cognitive function impairment, which were reversed by physical exercise. Overall, our findings indicate that physical exercise may act as a non-pharmacologic method that protects against cognitive dysfunction caused by obesity by improving hippocampal insulin signaling and neuroplasticity. MDPI 2019-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6683269/ /pubmed/31311133 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11071603 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Park, Hye-Sang Park, Sang-Seo Kim, Chang-Ju Shin, Mal-Soon Kim, Tae-Woon Exercise Alleviates Cognitive Functions by Enhancing Hippocampal Insulin Signaling and Neuroplasticity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity |
title | Exercise Alleviates Cognitive Functions by Enhancing Hippocampal Insulin Signaling and Neuroplasticity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity |
title_full | Exercise Alleviates Cognitive Functions by Enhancing Hippocampal Insulin Signaling and Neuroplasticity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity |
title_fullStr | Exercise Alleviates Cognitive Functions by Enhancing Hippocampal Insulin Signaling and Neuroplasticity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity |
title_full_unstemmed | Exercise Alleviates Cognitive Functions by Enhancing Hippocampal Insulin Signaling and Neuroplasticity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity |
title_short | Exercise Alleviates Cognitive Functions by Enhancing Hippocampal Insulin Signaling and Neuroplasticity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity |
title_sort | exercise alleviates cognitive functions by enhancing hippocampal insulin signaling and neuroplasticity in high-fat diet-induced obesity |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6683269/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31311133 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11071603 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT parkhyesang exercisealleviatescognitivefunctionsbyenhancinghippocampalinsulinsignalingandneuroplasticityinhighfatdietinducedobesity AT parksangseo exercisealleviatescognitivefunctionsbyenhancinghippocampalinsulinsignalingandneuroplasticityinhighfatdietinducedobesity AT kimchangju exercisealleviatescognitivefunctionsbyenhancinghippocampalinsulinsignalingandneuroplasticityinhighfatdietinducedobesity AT shinmalsoon exercisealleviatescognitivefunctionsbyenhancinghippocampalinsulinsignalingandneuroplasticityinhighfatdietinducedobesity AT kimtaewoon exercisealleviatescognitivefunctionsbyenhancinghippocampalinsulinsignalingandneuroplasticityinhighfatdietinducedobesity |