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A Reasonable Diet Promotes Balance of Intestinal Microbiota: Prevention of Precolorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The pathogenesis of colorectal cancer includes genetics, age, chronic inflammation, and lifestyle. Increasing attention has recently been paid to dietary factors. Evidence from epidemiological...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Hindawi
2019
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6683831/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31428633 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3405278 |
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author | Huang, Pan Liu, Yi |
author_facet | Huang, Pan Liu, Yi |
author_sort | Huang, Pan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The pathogenesis of colorectal cancer includes genetics, age, chronic inflammation, and lifestyle. Increasing attention has recently been paid to dietary factors. Evidence from epidemiological studies and clinical research suggests that high-fibre diets can significantly reduce the incidence of CRC, whilst the consumption of high-fat diets, high-protein diets, red meat, and processed meat is high-risk factors for tumorigenesis. Fibre is a regulator of intestinal microflora and metabolism and is thus a key dietary component for maintaining intestinal health. Intestinal microbes are closely linked to CRC, with the growth of certain microbiota (such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, or Bacteroides fragilis) favouring carcinogenesis, whilst the dominant microbiota population of the intestine, such as Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria, have multiple mechanisms of antitumour activity. Various dietary components have direct effects on the types of intestinal microflora: in the Western diet mode (high-fat, high-protein, and red meat), the proportion of conditional pathogens in the intestinal flora increases, the proportion of commensal bacteria decreases, and the occurrence of colorectal cancer is promoted. Conversely, a high-fibre diet can increase the abundance of Firmicutes and reduce the abundance of Bacteroides and consequently increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestine, inhibiting the development of CRC. This article reviews the study of the relationship between diet, intestinal microbes, and the promotion or inhibition of CRC and analyses the relevant molecular mechanisms to provide ideas for the prevention and treatment of CRC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6683831 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66838312019-08-19 A Reasonable Diet Promotes Balance of Intestinal Microbiota: Prevention of Precolorectal Cancer Huang, Pan Liu, Yi Biomed Res Int Review Article Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The pathogenesis of colorectal cancer includes genetics, age, chronic inflammation, and lifestyle. Increasing attention has recently been paid to dietary factors. Evidence from epidemiological studies and clinical research suggests that high-fibre diets can significantly reduce the incidence of CRC, whilst the consumption of high-fat diets, high-protein diets, red meat, and processed meat is high-risk factors for tumorigenesis. Fibre is a regulator of intestinal microflora and metabolism and is thus a key dietary component for maintaining intestinal health. Intestinal microbes are closely linked to CRC, with the growth of certain microbiota (such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, or Bacteroides fragilis) favouring carcinogenesis, whilst the dominant microbiota population of the intestine, such as Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria, have multiple mechanisms of antitumour activity. Various dietary components have direct effects on the types of intestinal microflora: in the Western diet mode (high-fat, high-protein, and red meat), the proportion of conditional pathogens in the intestinal flora increases, the proportion of commensal bacteria decreases, and the occurrence of colorectal cancer is promoted. Conversely, a high-fibre diet can increase the abundance of Firmicutes and reduce the abundance of Bacteroides and consequently increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestine, inhibiting the development of CRC. This article reviews the study of the relationship between diet, intestinal microbes, and the promotion or inhibition of CRC and analyses the relevant molecular mechanisms to provide ideas for the prevention and treatment of CRC. Hindawi 2019-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6683831/ /pubmed/31428633 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3405278 Text en Copyright © 2019 Pan Huang and Yi Liu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Huang, Pan Liu, Yi A Reasonable Diet Promotes Balance of Intestinal Microbiota: Prevention of Precolorectal Cancer |
title | A Reasonable Diet Promotes Balance of Intestinal Microbiota: Prevention of Precolorectal Cancer |
title_full | A Reasonable Diet Promotes Balance of Intestinal Microbiota: Prevention of Precolorectal Cancer |
title_fullStr | A Reasonable Diet Promotes Balance of Intestinal Microbiota: Prevention of Precolorectal Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | A Reasonable Diet Promotes Balance of Intestinal Microbiota: Prevention of Precolorectal Cancer |
title_short | A Reasonable Diet Promotes Balance of Intestinal Microbiota: Prevention of Precolorectal Cancer |
title_sort | reasonable diet promotes balance of intestinal microbiota: prevention of precolorectal cancer |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6683831/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31428633 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3405278 |
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