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MdGGT1 Impacts Apple miR156 Precursor Levels via Ontogenetic Changes in Subcellular Glutathione Homeostasis
The vegetative phase change in flowering plants is controlled by microRNA156 (miR156) under transcriptional regulation. However, the developmental signals upstream of miR156 are not well understood. The glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratios and GSH levels decline significantly during p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6684775/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31417600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00994 |
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author | Chen, Yakun Zheng, Qingbo Jia, Xiaolin Chen, Keqin Wang, Yi Wu, Ting Xu, Xuefeng Han, Zhenhai Zhang, Zhihong Zhang, Xinzhong |
author_facet | Chen, Yakun Zheng, Qingbo Jia, Xiaolin Chen, Keqin Wang, Yi Wu, Ting Xu, Xuefeng Han, Zhenhai Zhang, Zhihong Zhang, Xinzhong |
author_sort | Chen, Yakun |
collection | PubMed |
description | The vegetative phase change in flowering plants is controlled by microRNA156 (miR156) under transcriptional regulation. However, the developmental signals upstream of miR156 are not well understood. The glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratios and GSH levels decline significantly during phase change, which is consistent with miR156 expression in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). Here, we found that the content of protein conjugated glutathione was remarkably higher in chloroplasts and nuclei of adult than juvenile phase apple hybrids. The decrease in miR156 expression was most relevant to the activities of serine acetyltransferase (SAT) and soluble γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and the expressions of MdGGT1 or MdSATs. Transgenic apples over-expressing MdMIR156 or miR156-mimetic (MIM156) did not alter MdGGT1 expression or the soluble GGT activity. Inhibition of GGT activity with serine-borate complex or acivicin led to significant reduction in GSH content, the GSH/GSSG ratio, and the expressions of MdMIR156a5, MdMIR156a12, and miR156. Depletion of GSH with diethyl maleate without altering GGT activity caused a dramatic decrease in the expression of MdMIR156a5, MdMIR156a12, and miR156. Manipulating GGT activity and GSH homeostasis by transgenic over-expressing or RNAi MdGGT1 increased or decreased MdMIR156a5 and MdMIR156a12 levels, respectively. These data provided novel evidence that MdGGT1 participates in transcriptional level of transcription regulation of miR156 precursors during ontogenesis. HIGHLIGHTS: - MdGGT1 affects thiol redox status and indirectly participates in the regulation of miR156 expression during vegetative phase change. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6684775 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66847752019-08-15 MdGGT1 Impacts Apple miR156 Precursor Levels via Ontogenetic Changes in Subcellular Glutathione Homeostasis Chen, Yakun Zheng, Qingbo Jia, Xiaolin Chen, Keqin Wang, Yi Wu, Ting Xu, Xuefeng Han, Zhenhai Zhang, Zhihong Zhang, Xinzhong Front Plant Sci Plant Science The vegetative phase change in flowering plants is controlled by microRNA156 (miR156) under transcriptional regulation. However, the developmental signals upstream of miR156 are not well understood. The glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratios and GSH levels decline significantly during phase change, which is consistent with miR156 expression in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). Here, we found that the content of protein conjugated glutathione was remarkably higher in chloroplasts and nuclei of adult than juvenile phase apple hybrids. The decrease in miR156 expression was most relevant to the activities of serine acetyltransferase (SAT) and soluble γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and the expressions of MdGGT1 or MdSATs. Transgenic apples over-expressing MdMIR156 or miR156-mimetic (MIM156) did not alter MdGGT1 expression or the soluble GGT activity. Inhibition of GGT activity with serine-borate complex or acivicin led to significant reduction in GSH content, the GSH/GSSG ratio, and the expressions of MdMIR156a5, MdMIR156a12, and miR156. Depletion of GSH with diethyl maleate without altering GGT activity caused a dramatic decrease in the expression of MdMIR156a5, MdMIR156a12, and miR156. Manipulating GGT activity and GSH homeostasis by transgenic over-expressing or RNAi MdGGT1 increased or decreased MdMIR156a5 and MdMIR156a12 levels, respectively. These data provided novel evidence that MdGGT1 participates in transcriptional level of transcription regulation of miR156 precursors during ontogenesis. HIGHLIGHTS: - MdGGT1 affects thiol redox status and indirectly participates in the regulation of miR156 expression during vegetative phase change. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6684775/ /pubmed/31417600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00994 Text en Copyright © 2019 Chen, Zheng, Jia, Chen, Wang, Wu, Xu, Han, Zhang and Zhang. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Chen, Yakun Zheng, Qingbo Jia, Xiaolin Chen, Keqin Wang, Yi Wu, Ting Xu, Xuefeng Han, Zhenhai Zhang, Zhihong Zhang, Xinzhong MdGGT1 Impacts Apple miR156 Precursor Levels via Ontogenetic Changes in Subcellular Glutathione Homeostasis |
title | MdGGT1 Impacts Apple miR156 Precursor Levels via Ontogenetic Changes in Subcellular Glutathione Homeostasis |
title_full | MdGGT1 Impacts Apple miR156 Precursor Levels via Ontogenetic Changes in Subcellular Glutathione Homeostasis |
title_fullStr | MdGGT1 Impacts Apple miR156 Precursor Levels via Ontogenetic Changes in Subcellular Glutathione Homeostasis |
title_full_unstemmed | MdGGT1 Impacts Apple miR156 Precursor Levels via Ontogenetic Changes in Subcellular Glutathione Homeostasis |
title_short | MdGGT1 Impacts Apple miR156 Precursor Levels via Ontogenetic Changes in Subcellular Glutathione Homeostasis |
title_sort | mdggt1 impacts apple mir156 precursor levels via ontogenetic changes in subcellular glutathione homeostasis |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6684775/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31417600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00994 |
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