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MICA immune complex formed with alpha 3 domain-specific antibody activates human NK cells in a Fc-dependent manner

BACKGROUND: One of the mechanisms by which tumors evade immune surveillance is through shedding of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain-related protein A and B (MICA/B) from their cell surface. MICA/B are ligands for the activating receptor NKG2D on NK and CD8 T cells. This shedd...

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Autores principales: Du, Changchun, Bevers, Jack, Cook, Ryan, Lombana, T. Noelle, Rajasekaran, Kamalakannan, Matsumoto, Marissa, Spiess, Christoph, Kim, Jeong M., Ye, Zhengmao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6685158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31387641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0687-9
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author Du, Changchun
Bevers, Jack
Cook, Ryan
Lombana, T. Noelle
Rajasekaran, Kamalakannan
Matsumoto, Marissa
Spiess, Christoph
Kim, Jeong M.
Ye, Zhengmao
author_facet Du, Changchun
Bevers, Jack
Cook, Ryan
Lombana, T. Noelle
Rajasekaran, Kamalakannan
Matsumoto, Marissa
Spiess, Christoph
Kim, Jeong M.
Ye, Zhengmao
author_sort Du, Changchun
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: One of the mechanisms by which tumors evade immune surveillance is through shedding of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain-related protein A and B (MICA/B) from their cell surface. MICA/B are ligands for the activating receptor NKG2D on NK and CD8 T cells. This shedding reduces cell surface levels of MICA/B and impairs NKG2D recognition. Shed MICA/B can also mask NKG2D receptor and is thought to induce NKG2D internalization, further compromising immune surveillance by NK cells. METHODS: We isolated human primary NK cells from normal donors and tested the suppressive activity of soluble recombinant MICA in vitro. Utilizing a panel of novel anti-MICA antibodies, we further examined the stimulatory activities of anti-MICA antibodies that reversed the suppressive effects of soluble MICA. RESULTS: We show that suppressive effects of soluble MICA (sMICA) on NK cell cytolytic activity was not due to the down-regulation of cell surface NKG2D. In the presence of an α3 domain-specific MICA antibody, which did not obstruct NKG2D binding, sMICA-mediated NK cell suppression was completely reversed. Reversal of NK cell inhibition by sMICA was mediated by immune complex formation that agonized NKG2D signaling. Furthermore, this restorative activity was dependent on antibody Fc effector function as the introduction of Fc mutations to abrogate Fc receptor binding failed to reverse sMICA-mediated NK cell suppression. Furthermore, MICA immune complexes preformed with an α3 domain-specific antibody (containing a wild-type Fc) induced IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion by NK cells in the absence of cancer cells, whereas MICA immune complexes preformed with the Fc effectorless antibody failed to induce IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion. Finally, we demonstrated that MICA immune complexes formed with the α3 domain-specific antibody activates NKG2D on NK cells leading to the release of IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that an α3 domain-specific MICA antibody can circumvent sMICA-mediated suppression of NK cell cytolytic activity. Moreover, our data suggest that MICA immune complexes formed with α3-specific antibodies can activate NKG2D receptor and restore NK cell function in a Fc-dependent manner. The clinical utility of α3 domain-specific MICA/B antibodies may hold great promise as a new strategy for cancer immunotherapy. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s40425-019-0687-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-66851582019-08-12 MICA immune complex formed with alpha 3 domain-specific antibody activates human NK cells in a Fc-dependent manner Du, Changchun Bevers, Jack Cook, Ryan Lombana, T. Noelle Rajasekaran, Kamalakannan Matsumoto, Marissa Spiess, Christoph Kim, Jeong M. Ye, Zhengmao J Immunother Cancer Research Article BACKGROUND: One of the mechanisms by which tumors evade immune surveillance is through shedding of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain-related protein A and B (MICA/B) from their cell surface. MICA/B are ligands for the activating receptor NKG2D on NK and CD8 T cells. This shedding reduces cell surface levels of MICA/B and impairs NKG2D recognition. Shed MICA/B can also mask NKG2D receptor and is thought to induce NKG2D internalization, further compromising immune surveillance by NK cells. METHODS: We isolated human primary NK cells from normal donors and tested the suppressive activity of soluble recombinant MICA in vitro. Utilizing a panel of novel anti-MICA antibodies, we further examined the stimulatory activities of anti-MICA antibodies that reversed the suppressive effects of soluble MICA. RESULTS: We show that suppressive effects of soluble MICA (sMICA) on NK cell cytolytic activity was not due to the down-regulation of cell surface NKG2D. In the presence of an α3 domain-specific MICA antibody, which did not obstruct NKG2D binding, sMICA-mediated NK cell suppression was completely reversed. Reversal of NK cell inhibition by sMICA was mediated by immune complex formation that agonized NKG2D signaling. Furthermore, this restorative activity was dependent on antibody Fc effector function as the introduction of Fc mutations to abrogate Fc receptor binding failed to reverse sMICA-mediated NK cell suppression. Furthermore, MICA immune complexes preformed with an α3 domain-specific antibody (containing a wild-type Fc) induced IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion by NK cells in the absence of cancer cells, whereas MICA immune complexes preformed with the Fc effectorless antibody failed to induce IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion. Finally, we demonstrated that MICA immune complexes formed with the α3 domain-specific antibody activates NKG2D on NK cells leading to the release of IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that an α3 domain-specific MICA antibody can circumvent sMICA-mediated suppression of NK cell cytolytic activity. Moreover, our data suggest that MICA immune complexes formed with α3-specific antibodies can activate NKG2D receptor and restore NK cell function in a Fc-dependent manner. The clinical utility of α3 domain-specific MICA/B antibodies may hold great promise as a new strategy for cancer immunotherapy. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s40425-019-0687-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2019-08-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6685158/ /pubmed/31387641 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0687-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Du, Changchun
Bevers, Jack
Cook, Ryan
Lombana, T. Noelle
Rajasekaran, Kamalakannan
Matsumoto, Marissa
Spiess, Christoph
Kim, Jeong M.
Ye, Zhengmao
MICA immune complex formed with alpha 3 domain-specific antibody activates human NK cells in a Fc-dependent manner
title MICA immune complex formed with alpha 3 domain-specific antibody activates human NK cells in a Fc-dependent manner
title_full MICA immune complex formed with alpha 3 domain-specific antibody activates human NK cells in a Fc-dependent manner
title_fullStr MICA immune complex formed with alpha 3 domain-specific antibody activates human NK cells in a Fc-dependent manner
title_full_unstemmed MICA immune complex formed with alpha 3 domain-specific antibody activates human NK cells in a Fc-dependent manner
title_short MICA immune complex formed with alpha 3 domain-specific antibody activates human NK cells in a Fc-dependent manner
title_sort mica immune complex formed with alpha 3 domain-specific antibody activates human nk cells in a fc-dependent manner
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6685158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31387641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0687-9
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