Morphological Attributes Govern Carbon Dioxide Reduction on N-Doped Carbon Electrodes

The morphology of electrode materials is often overlooked when comparing different carbon-based electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction. To investigate the role of morphological attributes, we studied polymer-derived, interconnected, N-doped carbon structures with uniformly sized meso or macropores, differing only in the pore size. We found that the carbon dioxide reduction selectivity (versus the hydrogen evolution reaction) increased around three times just by introducing the porosity into the carbon structure (with an optimal pore size of 27 nm). We attribute this change to alterations in the wetting and CO(2) adsorption properties of the carbon catalysts. These insights offer a new platform to advance CO(2) reduction performance by only morphological engineering of the electrocatalyst.