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Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses in Cyprus 2008-2017

Enteroviruses (EVs) are associated with a broad spectrum of disease manifestations, including aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, hand, foot and mouth disease, acute flaccid paralysis and acute flaccid myelitis with outbreaks being reported frequently world-wide. The aim of this study was the molecula...

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Autores principales: Richter, Jan, Tryfonos, Christina, Christodoulou, Christina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6687182/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31393960
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220938
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author Richter, Jan
Tryfonos, Christina
Christodoulou, Christina
author_facet Richter, Jan
Tryfonos, Christina
Christodoulou, Christina
author_sort Richter, Jan
collection PubMed
description Enteroviruses (EVs) are associated with a broad spectrum of disease manifestations, including aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, hand, foot and mouth disease, acute flaccid paralysis and acute flaccid myelitis with outbreaks being reported frequently world-wide. The aim of this study was the molecular characterization of all enteroviruses detected in Cyprus in the ten-year period from January 2008 and December 2017 as well as a description of the circulation patterns associated with the most frequently encountered genotypes. For this purpose, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, nasal swab, skin swab and/or stool samples from 2666 patients with a suspected EV infection were analysed between January 2008 and December 2017. Enteroviruses were detected in 295 (11.1%) patients, which were then investigated further for epidemiological analysis by VP1 genotyping. Overall, 24 different enterovirus types belonging to three different species were identified. The predominant species was EV-B (209/295, 71%), followed by species EV-A (77/295, 26.1%). Only one virus belonged to species EV-D, whereas EV-C enteroviruses were not identified at all. The most frequent genotypes identified were echovirus 30 (26.1%), echovirus 6 (14.2%) and coxsackievirus A6 (10.9%). While Echovirus 30 and echovirus 6 frequency was significantly higher in patients older than 3 years of age, the opposite was observed for CV-A16 and EV-A71, which dominated in young children less than 3 years. Importantly, for the current study period a significant increase of previously only sporadically observed EV-A types, such as EV-A71 and CV-A16 was noted. A phylogenetic analysis of EV-A71 showed that the majority of the EV-A71 strains from Cyprus belonged to sub-genogroup C1 and C2, with the exception of one C4 strain that was observed in 2011. The data presented provide a comprehensive picture of enteroviruses circulating in Cyprus over the last decade and will be helpful to clinicians and researchers involved in the treatment, prevention and control of enteroviral infections by helping interpret trends in enteroviral diseases by associating them with circulating serotypes, for studying the association of enteroviruses with clinical manifestations and develop strategies for designing future EV vaccines.
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spelling pubmed-66871822019-08-15 Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses in Cyprus 2008-2017 Richter, Jan Tryfonos, Christina Christodoulou, Christina PLoS One Research Article Enteroviruses (EVs) are associated with a broad spectrum of disease manifestations, including aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, hand, foot and mouth disease, acute flaccid paralysis and acute flaccid myelitis with outbreaks being reported frequently world-wide. The aim of this study was the molecular characterization of all enteroviruses detected in Cyprus in the ten-year period from January 2008 and December 2017 as well as a description of the circulation patterns associated with the most frequently encountered genotypes. For this purpose, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, nasal swab, skin swab and/or stool samples from 2666 patients with a suspected EV infection were analysed between January 2008 and December 2017. Enteroviruses were detected in 295 (11.1%) patients, which were then investigated further for epidemiological analysis by VP1 genotyping. Overall, 24 different enterovirus types belonging to three different species were identified. The predominant species was EV-B (209/295, 71%), followed by species EV-A (77/295, 26.1%). Only one virus belonged to species EV-D, whereas EV-C enteroviruses were not identified at all. The most frequent genotypes identified were echovirus 30 (26.1%), echovirus 6 (14.2%) and coxsackievirus A6 (10.9%). While Echovirus 30 and echovirus 6 frequency was significantly higher in patients older than 3 years of age, the opposite was observed for CV-A16 and EV-A71, which dominated in young children less than 3 years. Importantly, for the current study period a significant increase of previously only sporadically observed EV-A types, such as EV-A71 and CV-A16 was noted. A phylogenetic analysis of EV-A71 showed that the majority of the EV-A71 strains from Cyprus belonged to sub-genogroup C1 and C2, with the exception of one C4 strain that was observed in 2011. The data presented provide a comprehensive picture of enteroviruses circulating in Cyprus over the last decade and will be helpful to clinicians and researchers involved in the treatment, prevention and control of enteroviral infections by helping interpret trends in enteroviral diseases by associating them with circulating serotypes, for studying the association of enteroviruses with clinical manifestations and develop strategies for designing future EV vaccines. Public Library of Science 2019-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6687182/ /pubmed/31393960 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220938 Text en © 2019 Richter et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Richter, Jan
Tryfonos, Christina
Christodoulou, Christina
Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses in Cyprus 2008-2017
title Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses in Cyprus 2008-2017
title_full Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses in Cyprus 2008-2017
title_fullStr Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses in Cyprus 2008-2017
title_full_unstemmed Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses in Cyprus 2008-2017
title_short Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses in Cyprus 2008-2017
title_sort molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses in cyprus 2008-2017
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6687182/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31393960
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220938
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