Atomic layer deposition of ZnO/TiO(2) nanolaminates as ultra-long life anode material for lithium-ion batteries

In this work, we designed ZnO/TiO(2) nanolaminates by atomic layer deposition (ALD) as anode material for lithium ion batteries. ZnO/TiO(2) nanolaminates were fabricated on copper foil by depositing unit of 26 cycles ZnO/26 cycles TiO(2) repeatedly using ALD. ZnO/TiO(2) nanolaminates are much more stable than pristine ZnO films during electrochemical cycling process. Therefore, ZnO/TiO(2) nanolaminates exhibit excellent lithium storage performance with an improved cycling performance and superior rate capability compared to pristine ZnO films. Moreover, coulombic efficiency (CE) of ZnO/TiO(2) nanolaminates is above 99%, which is much higher than the value of pristine ZnO films. Excellent ultralong-life performance is gained for ZnO/TiO(2) nanolaminates, retaining a reversible capacity of ~667 mAh g(−1) within cut-off voltage of 0.05-2.5 V after 1200 cycles of charge-discharge at 500 mA g(−1). Constructing nanolaminates structures via ALD might open up new opportunities for improving the performance of anode materials with large volume expansion in lithium ion batteries.