Correlation of soft palate morphology to growth pattern: A retrospective cephalometric study

AIM: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the radiographic length of velum (LV), width of velum (WV), velum angle (AV), depth of pharynx (PD), Need's ratio (NR), inclination angle (AI) in different morphological types of soft palate according to growth patterns in skeletal class I individuals. METHODOLOGY: 80 pretreatment lateral cephalograms of patients with skeletal class I malocclusion (ANB 2--4°) were divided on basis of six types of soft palate and further into three subgroups according to growth pattern and evaluation of LV, WV, angle with the palatal plane, and NR was done. Kruskal--Wallis test was used for the comparison between the groups. RESULTS: Statistically significant difference was verified among all groups for measurement of NR. The highest NR was seen in Crook type of soft palate (mean 0.9). Similarly, the vertical growth pattern in all the six types of soft palate exhibited a higher NR than the average and horizontal growth pattern group; the highest being exhibited by vertical group in type VI (crook shaped). Velopharyngeal insufficiency is directly related to NR. CONCLUSION: Vertical growth pattern has the highest susceptibility to velopharyngeal insuffiency and speech and sleep apnea disorders.