Effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars

BACKGROUND: Drought is one of the main serious problems for agriculture production which its intensity is increasing in many parts of the world, hence, improving water use efficiency is a main goal for sustainable agriculture. RESULTS: Growth indices including relative shoot length growth (SL), rela...

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Autores principales: Faghih, Somayeh, Zamani, Zabihollah, Fatahi, Reza, Liaghat, Abdolmajid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6691532/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31405373
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40659-019-0252-5
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author Faghih, Somayeh
Zamani, Zabihollah
Fatahi, Reza
Liaghat, Abdolmajid
author_facet Faghih, Somayeh
Zamani, Zabihollah
Fatahi, Reza
Liaghat, Abdolmajid
author_sort Faghih, Somayeh
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Drought is one of the main serious problems for agriculture production which its intensity is increasing in many parts of the world, hence, improving water use efficiency is a main goal for sustainable agriculture. RESULTS: Growth indices including relative shoot length growth (SL), relative stem diameter increase (SD) and relative trunk cross sectional area growth (TCSA) measured at the start and end of the season decreased by reducing the irrigation level. Chlorophyll index (CI) was decreased at 70% crop evapotranspiration, however water use efficiency (WUE), leaf and fruit total phenolic content (TPC), and fruit anthocyanin content (AC) were among the traits that showed increment by water deficit stress in both cultivars. Shafi-Abadi cultivar showed to be more sensitive to the water stress than ‘Golab’. Kaolin treatment improved SL, SD and CI traits, but this increase was statistically significant only for SD at 5% level. Kaolin had no significant effect on yield and water use efficiency (WUE), however, it had negative effect on yield efficiency (YE). Kaolin treatments also significantly increased fruit and leaf TPC (P < 0.01) but had no effect on leaf and fruit total antioxidant activity (AA), as well as fruit anthocyanin content (AC) and soluble proteins (SP). CONCLUSIONS: Irrigation at 85% ETc showed better results than 100% and 70% ETc levels for yield attributes. It seems that the more pronounced effect of kaolin on vegetative traits but not on the fruits, might be attributed to the early ripening and harvest time of the examined cultivars.
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spelling pubmed-66915322019-08-15 Effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars Faghih, Somayeh Zamani, Zabihollah Fatahi, Reza Liaghat, Abdolmajid Biol Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Drought is one of the main serious problems for agriculture production which its intensity is increasing in many parts of the world, hence, improving water use efficiency is a main goal for sustainable agriculture. RESULTS: Growth indices including relative shoot length growth (SL), relative stem diameter increase (SD) and relative trunk cross sectional area growth (TCSA) measured at the start and end of the season decreased by reducing the irrigation level. Chlorophyll index (CI) was decreased at 70% crop evapotranspiration, however water use efficiency (WUE), leaf and fruit total phenolic content (TPC), and fruit anthocyanin content (AC) were among the traits that showed increment by water deficit stress in both cultivars. Shafi-Abadi cultivar showed to be more sensitive to the water stress than ‘Golab’. Kaolin treatment improved SL, SD and CI traits, but this increase was statistically significant only for SD at 5% level. Kaolin had no significant effect on yield and water use efficiency (WUE), however, it had negative effect on yield efficiency (YE). Kaolin treatments also significantly increased fruit and leaf TPC (P < 0.01) but had no effect on leaf and fruit total antioxidant activity (AA), as well as fruit anthocyanin content (AC) and soluble proteins (SP). CONCLUSIONS: Irrigation at 85% ETc showed better results than 100% and 70% ETc levels for yield attributes. It seems that the more pronounced effect of kaolin on vegetative traits but not on the fruits, might be attributed to the early ripening and harvest time of the examined cultivars. BioMed Central 2019-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6691532/ /pubmed/31405373 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40659-019-0252-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Faghih, Somayeh
Zamani, Zabihollah
Fatahi, Reza
Liaghat, Abdolmajid
Effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars
title Effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars
title_full Effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars
title_fullStr Effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars
title_full_unstemmed Effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars
title_short Effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars
title_sort effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6691532/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31405373
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40659-019-0252-5
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