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Aging Neurovascular Unit and Potential Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Combating Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders

Progressive neurological deterioration poses enormous burden on the aging population with ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative disease patients, such as Alzheimers’ disease and Parkinson’s disease. The past two decades have witnessed remarkable advances in the research of neurovascular unit dysfunc...

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Autores principales: Li, Yan, Xie, Lv, Huang, Tingting, Zhang, Yueman, Zhou, Jie, Qi, Bo, Wang, Xin, Chen, Zengai, Li, Peiying
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6694749/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31440124
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00778
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author Li, Yan
Xie, Lv
Huang, Tingting
Zhang, Yueman
Zhou, Jie
Qi, Bo
Wang, Xin
Chen, Zengai
Li, Peiying
author_facet Li, Yan
Xie, Lv
Huang, Tingting
Zhang, Yueman
Zhou, Jie
Qi, Bo
Wang, Xin
Chen, Zengai
Li, Peiying
author_sort Li, Yan
collection PubMed
description Progressive neurological deterioration poses enormous burden on the aging population with ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative disease patients, such as Alzheimers’ disease and Parkinson’s disease. The past two decades have witnessed remarkable advances in the research of neurovascular unit dysfunction, which is emerging as an important pathological feature that underlies these neurological disorders. Dysfunction of the unit allows penetration of blood-derived toxic proteins or leukocytes into the brain and contributes to white matter injury, disturbed neurovascular coupling and neuroinflammation, which all eventually lead to cognitive dysfunction. Recent evidences suggest that aging-related oxidative stress, accumulated DNA damage and impaired DNA repair capacities compromises the genome integrity not only in neurons, but also in other cell types of the neurovascular unit, such as endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes. Combating DNA damage or enhancing DNA repair capacities in the neurovascular unit represents a promising therapeutic strategy for vascular and neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we focus on aging related mechanisms that underlie DNA damage and repair in the neurovascular unit and introduce several novel strategies that target the genome integrity in the neurovascular unit to combat the vascular and neurodegenerative disorders in the aging brain.
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spelling pubmed-66947492019-08-22 Aging Neurovascular Unit and Potential Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Combating Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders Li, Yan Xie, Lv Huang, Tingting Zhang, Yueman Zhou, Jie Qi, Bo Wang, Xin Chen, Zengai Li, Peiying Front Neurosci Neuroscience Progressive neurological deterioration poses enormous burden on the aging population with ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative disease patients, such as Alzheimers’ disease and Parkinson’s disease. The past two decades have witnessed remarkable advances in the research of neurovascular unit dysfunction, which is emerging as an important pathological feature that underlies these neurological disorders. Dysfunction of the unit allows penetration of blood-derived toxic proteins or leukocytes into the brain and contributes to white matter injury, disturbed neurovascular coupling and neuroinflammation, which all eventually lead to cognitive dysfunction. Recent evidences suggest that aging-related oxidative stress, accumulated DNA damage and impaired DNA repair capacities compromises the genome integrity not only in neurons, but also in other cell types of the neurovascular unit, such as endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes. Combating DNA damage or enhancing DNA repair capacities in the neurovascular unit represents a promising therapeutic strategy for vascular and neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we focus on aging related mechanisms that underlie DNA damage and repair in the neurovascular unit and introduce several novel strategies that target the genome integrity in the neurovascular unit to combat the vascular and neurodegenerative disorders in the aging brain. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6694749/ /pubmed/31440124 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00778 Text en Copyright © 2019 Li, Xie, Huang, Zhang, Zhou, Qi, Wang, Chen and Li. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Li, Yan
Xie, Lv
Huang, Tingting
Zhang, Yueman
Zhou, Jie
Qi, Bo
Wang, Xin
Chen, Zengai
Li, Peiying
Aging Neurovascular Unit and Potential Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Combating Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders
title Aging Neurovascular Unit and Potential Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Combating Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders
title_full Aging Neurovascular Unit and Potential Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Combating Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders
title_fullStr Aging Neurovascular Unit and Potential Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Combating Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Aging Neurovascular Unit and Potential Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Combating Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders
title_short Aging Neurovascular Unit and Potential Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Combating Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders
title_sort aging neurovascular unit and potential role of dna damage and repair in combating vascular and neurodegenerative disorders
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6694749/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31440124
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00778
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