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Equine or porcine synovial fluid as a novel ex vivo model for the study of bacterial free-floating biofilms that form in human joint infections

Bacterial invasion of synovial joints, as in infectious or septic arthritis, can be difficult to treat in both veterinary and human clinical practice. Biofilms, in the form of free-floating clumps or aggregates, are involved with the pathogenesis of infectious arthritis and periprosthetic joint infe...

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Autores principales: Gilbertie, Jessica M., Schnabel, Lauren V., Hickok, Noreen J., Jacob, Megan E., Conlon, Brian P., Shapiro, Irving M., Parvizi, Javad, Schaer, Thomas P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6695105/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31415623
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221012
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author Gilbertie, Jessica M.
Schnabel, Lauren V.
Hickok, Noreen J.
Jacob, Megan E.
Conlon, Brian P.
Shapiro, Irving M.
Parvizi, Javad
Schaer, Thomas P.
author_facet Gilbertie, Jessica M.
Schnabel, Lauren V.
Hickok, Noreen J.
Jacob, Megan E.
Conlon, Brian P.
Shapiro, Irving M.
Parvizi, Javad
Schaer, Thomas P.
author_sort Gilbertie, Jessica M.
collection PubMed
description Bacterial invasion of synovial joints, as in infectious or septic arthritis, can be difficult to treat in both veterinary and human clinical practice. Biofilms, in the form of free-floating clumps or aggregates, are involved with the pathogenesis of infectious arthritis and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Infection of a joint containing an orthopedic implant can additionally complicate these infections due to the presence of adherent biofilms. Because of these biofilm phenotypes, bacteria within these infected joints show increased antimicrobial tolerance even at high antibiotic concentrations. To date, animal models of PJI or infectious arthritis have been limited to small animals such as rodents or rabbits. Small animal models, however, yield limited quantities of synovial fluid making them impractical for in vitro research. Herein, we describe the use of ex vivo equine and porcine models for the study of synovial fluid induced biofilm aggregate formation and antimicrobial tolerance. We observed Staphylococcus aureus and other bacterial pathogens adapt the same biofilm aggregate phenotype with significant antimicrobial tolerance in both equine and porcine synovial fluid, analogous to human synovial fluid. We also demonstrate that enzymatic dispersal of synovial fluid aggregates restores the activity of antimicrobials. Future studies investigating the interaction of bacterial cell surface proteins with host synovial fluid proteins can be readily carried out in equine or porcine ex vivo models to identify novel drug targets for treatment of prevention of these difficult to treat infectious diseases.
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spelling pubmed-66951052019-08-16 Equine or porcine synovial fluid as a novel ex vivo model for the study of bacterial free-floating biofilms that form in human joint infections Gilbertie, Jessica M. Schnabel, Lauren V. Hickok, Noreen J. Jacob, Megan E. Conlon, Brian P. Shapiro, Irving M. Parvizi, Javad Schaer, Thomas P. PLoS One Research Article Bacterial invasion of synovial joints, as in infectious or septic arthritis, can be difficult to treat in both veterinary and human clinical practice. Biofilms, in the form of free-floating clumps or aggregates, are involved with the pathogenesis of infectious arthritis and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Infection of a joint containing an orthopedic implant can additionally complicate these infections due to the presence of adherent biofilms. Because of these biofilm phenotypes, bacteria within these infected joints show increased antimicrobial tolerance even at high antibiotic concentrations. To date, animal models of PJI or infectious arthritis have been limited to small animals such as rodents or rabbits. Small animal models, however, yield limited quantities of synovial fluid making them impractical for in vitro research. Herein, we describe the use of ex vivo equine and porcine models for the study of synovial fluid induced biofilm aggregate formation and antimicrobial tolerance. We observed Staphylococcus aureus and other bacterial pathogens adapt the same biofilm aggregate phenotype with significant antimicrobial tolerance in both equine and porcine synovial fluid, analogous to human synovial fluid. We also demonstrate that enzymatic dispersal of synovial fluid aggregates restores the activity of antimicrobials. Future studies investigating the interaction of bacterial cell surface proteins with host synovial fluid proteins can be readily carried out in equine or porcine ex vivo models to identify novel drug targets for treatment of prevention of these difficult to treat infectious diseases. Public Library of Science 2019-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6695105/ /pubmed/31415623 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221012 Text en © 2019 Gilbertie et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Gilbertie, Jessica M.
Schnabel, Lauren V.
Hickok, Noreen J.
Jacob, Megan E.
Conlon, Brian P.
Shapiro, Irving M.
Parvizi, Javad
Schaer, Thomas P.
Equine or porcine synovial fluid as a novel ex vivo model for the study of bacterial free-floating biofilms that form in human joint infections
title Equine or porcine synovial fluid as a novel ex vivo model for the study of bacterial free-floating biofilms that form in human joint infections
title_full Equine or porcine synovial fluid as a novel ex vivo model for the study of bacterial free-floating biofilms that form in human joint infections
title_fullStr Equine or porcine synovial fluid as a novel ex vivo model for the study of bacterial free-floating biofilms that form in human joint infections
title_full_unstemmed Equine or porcine synovial fluid as a novel ex vivo model for the study of bacterial free-floating biofilms that form in human joint infections
title_short Equine or porcine synovial fluid as a novel ex vivo model for the study of bacterial free-floating biofilms that form in human joint infections
title_sort equine or porcine synovial fluid as a novel ex vivo model for the study of bacterial free-floating biofilms that form in human joint infections
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6695105/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31415623
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221012
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