Influence of Solution Deposition Process on Modulating Majority Charge Carrier Type and Quality of Perovskite Thin Films for Solar Cells

In the past ten years, extensive research has witnessed the rapid development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and diversified preparation processing craft. At present, the most widely used methods of preparing perovskite solar cells are the one-step method and the two-step method. The main work of this paper is to study the effect of the solution deposition process on the quality of perovskite thin films, as well as modulating majority charge carrier types. Perovskite film was prepared in air by designing different processes, which were then adequately analyzed with corresponding methods. It was demonstrated that the preparation process plays a crucial role in modulating the type of majority carrier and in achieving high-quality perovskite thin film. The one-step prepared perovskite layer is enriched in MA(+), leading to a P type majority carrier type thin film. The two-step prepared perovskite layer is enriched in Pb(2+), leading to a N type majority carrier type thin film. In addition, we found that the one-step method caused PbI(2) residue due to component segregation, which seriously affects the interface and film quality of the perovskite layer. This work aims to modulate the majority carrier type of perovskite film through different preparation processes, which can lay the foundation for the study of homojunction perovskite solar cells to improve the device performance of PSCs.