Macrocytosis among patients with heroin use disorder

PURPOSE: Few empirical studies have investigated hematological parameters among people with a heroin use disorder. This study explores the prevalence of macrocytosis and associated factors among patients with heroin use disorder who were entering methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Taiwan. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, hematological parameters were measured and the prevalence of macrocytosis was assessed in a sample of 958 patients with a heroin use disorder entering the MMT program at Tsaotun Psychiatric Center in Taiwan. The demographic characteristics, heroin-related issues, other substance use history, and other clinical variables were analyzed. Univariate analysis was used to assess the association of all variables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the relationship between the significant factors and macrocytosis. RESULTS: The study found that nearly one-fifth (19.5%) of the participants had macrocytosis. Older age, longer duration of heroin use, and more days of alcohol use within the previous month were associated with macrocytosis. CONCLUSION: We found that concurrent use of alcohol was an important factor related to macrocytosis among people with a heroin use disorder. The prevalence of macrocytosis indicated that alcohol use is common among this population. It is suggested that policies and practices regarding alcohol use should be addressed within methadone maintenance programs.