Bilateral catamenial hemopneumothorax: Diagnostic & management challenges

INTRODUCTION: Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is a rare and usually miss diagnosed condition that is often characterized by non- specific respiratory or gynecological symptoms. A high index of suspicion is warranted for early diagnosis and management. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We present a case of 34 year old female who presented with shortness of breath and dyspnea. DISCUSSION: The radiological diagnosis was pneumothorax with further history, it was apparent that is was a case of primary infertility secondary to possible pelvic endometriosis. She was treated as a case of bilateral catamenial hemopneumothorax after confirming the diagnosis through surgical exploration & repair of right hemidiaphragm. CONCLUSIONS: This case demonstrate the extensive bilateral catamenial hemopnemothorax which is limitedly described in the literature index of suspicion & early diagnosis and management would ensure multiple admission & recurrence.