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Naturally Killing the Silent Killer: NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer (OC) is diagnosed in ~22,000 women in the US each year and kills 14,000 of them. Often, patients are not diagnosed until the later stages of disease, when treatment options are limited, highlighting the urgent need for new and improved therapies for precise cancer control. An individu...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6699519/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31456796 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01782 |
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author | Nersesian, Sarah Glazebrook, Haley Toulany, Jay Grantham, Stephanie R. Boudreau, Jeanette E. |
author_facet | Nersesian, Sarah Glazebrook, Haley Toulany, Jay Grantham, Stephanie R. Boudreau, Jeanette E. |
author_sort | Nersesian, Sarah |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ovarian cancer (OC) is diagnosed in ~22,000 women in the US each year and kills 14,000 of them. Often, patients are not diagnosed until the later stages of disease, when treatment options are limited, highlighting the urgent need for new and improved therapies for precise cancer control. An individual's immune function and interaction with tumor cells can be prognostic of the response to cancer treatment. Current emerging therapies for OC include immunotherapies, which use antibodies or drive T cell-mediated cancer recognition and elimination. In OC, these have been limited by adverse side effects and tumor characteristics including inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, lack of targetable antigens, loss of tumor human leukocyte antigen expression, high levels of immunosuppressive factors, and insufficient immune cell trafficking. Natural killer (NK) cells may be ideal as primary or collateral effectors to these nascent immunotherapies. NK cells exhibit multiple functions that combat immune escape and tumor relapse: they kill targets and elicit inflammation through antigen-independent pathways and detect loss of HLA as a signal for activation. NK cells are efficient mediators of tumor immune surveillance and control, suppressed by the tumor microenvironment and rescued by immune checkpoint blockade. NK cells are regulated by a variety of activating and inhibitory receptors and already known to be central effectors across an array of existing therapies. In this article, we highlight interactions between NK cells and OC and their potential to change the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and participate in durable immune control of OC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6699519 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66995192019-08-27 Naturally Killing the Silent Killer: NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer Nersesian, Sarah Glazebrook, Haley Toulany, Jay Grantham, Stephanie R. Boudreau, Jeanette E. Front Immunol Immunology Ovarian cancer (OC) is diagnosed in ~22,000 women in the US each year and kills 14,000 of them. Often, patients are not diagnosed until the later stages of disease, when treatment options are limited, highlighting the urgent need for new and improved therapies for precise cancer control. An individual's immune function and interaction with tumor cells can be prognostic of the response to cancer treatment. Current emerging therapies for OC include immunotherapies, which use antibodies or drive T cell-mediated cancer recognition and elimination. In OC, these have been limited by adverse side effects and tumor characteristics including inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, lack of targetable antigens, loss of tumor human leukocyte antigen expression, high levels of immunosuppressive factors, and insufficient immune cell trafficking. Natural killer (NK) cells may be ideal as primary or collateral effectors to these nascent immunotherapies. NK cells exhibit multiple functions that combat immune escape and tumor relapse: they kill targets and elicit inflammation through antigen-independent pathways and detect loss of HLA as a signal for activation. NK cells are efficient mediators of tumor immune surveillance and control, suppressed by the tumor microenvironment and rescued by immune checkpoint blockade. NK cells are regulated by a variety of activating and inhibitory receptors and already known to be central effectors across an array of existing therapies. In this article, we highlight interactions between NK cells and OC and their potential to change the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and participate in durable immune control of OC. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-08-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6699519/ /pubmed/31456796 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01782 Text en Copyright © 2019 Nersesian, Glazebrook, Toulany, Grantham and Boudreau. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Nersesian, Sarah Glazebrook, Haley Toulany, Jay Grantham, Stephanie R. Boudreau, Jeanette E. Naturally Killing the Silent Killer: NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer |
title | Naturally Killing the Silent Killer: NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer |
title_full | Naturally Killing the Silent Killer: NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer |
title_fullStr | Naturally Killing the Silent Killer: NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Naturally Killing the Silent Killer: NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer |
title_short | Naturally Killing the Silent Killer: NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer |
title_sort | naturally killing the silent killer: nk cell-based immunotherapy for ovarian cancer |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6699519/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31456796 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01782 |
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