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The Inhibition of Ocean Acidification on the Formation of Oyster Calcified Shell by Regulating the Expression of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4
The biosynthesis of a calcified shell is critical for the development of oyster larvae. This process can be severely inhibited by CO(2)-induced ocean acidification, causing mass mortality of oyster larvae. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of such process has not been well explored until n...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6705186/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31474874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01034 |
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author | Zhang, Yukun Liu, Zhaoqun Song, Xiaorui Huang, Shu Wang, Lingling Song, Linsheng |
author_facet | Zhang, Yukun Liu, Zhaoqun Song, Xiaorui Huang, Shu Wang, Lingling Song, Linsheng |
author_sort | Zhang, Yukun |
collection | PubMed |
description | The biosynthesis of a calcified shell is critical for the development of oyster larvae. This process can be severely inhibited by CO(2)-induced ocean acidification, causing mass mortality of oyster larvae. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of such process has not been well explored until now. In the present study, a homolog of chitin synthase (named as Cgchs1) and a homolog of chitinase (named as Cgchit4) were identified from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. The cDNA sequences of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 were of 813 bp and 2118 bp, encoding a putative polypeptide of 271 amino acids and 706 amino acids, respectively. There were a Chitin_synth_2 domain and a Glyco_18 domain in the inferred amino acid sequences of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4, respectively. Both Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 shared high sequence identity with their homologs in vertebrates. In addition, when oyster larvae were exposed to acidification treatment (pH 7.4), their shell biosynthesis process was seriously restrained. The expression level of Cgchs1 mRNA was significantly suppressed while that of Cgchit4 was dramatically activated upon acidification treatment. Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 are critical enzymes for chitin metabolism, and such changes in their mRNA expression could result in the decrease of chitin content in oyster larvae’s shells, which might lead to the failure of shell formation. Therefore, results in the present study suggested that acidified seawater might inhibit the formation of oyster calcified shell by suppressing the biosynthesis of chitin. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6705186 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67051862019-08-30 The Inhibition of Ocean Acidification on the Formation of Oyster Calcified Shell by Regulating the Expression of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 Zhang, Yukun Liu, Zhaoqun Song, Xiaorui Huang, Shu Wang, Lingling Song, Linsheng Front Physiol Physiology The biosynthesis of a calcified shell is critical for the development of oyster larvae. This process can be severely inhibited by CO(2)-induced ocean acidification, causing mass mortality of oyster larvae. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of such process has not been well explored until now. In the present study, a homolog of chitin synthase (named as Cgchs1) and a homolog of chitinase (named as Cgchit4) were identified from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. The cDNA sequences of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 were of 813 bp and 2118 bp, encoding a putative polypeptide of 271 amino acids and 706 amino acids, respectively. There were a Chitin_synth_2 domain and a Glyco_18 domain in the inferred amino acid sequences of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4, respectively. Both Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 shared high sequence identity with their homologs in vertebrates. In addition, when oyster larvae were exposed to acidification treatment (pH 7.4), their shell biosynthesis process was seriously restrained. The expression level of Cgchs1 mRNA was significantly suppressed while that of Cgchit4 was dramatically activated upon acidification treatment. Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 are critical enzymes for chitin metabolism, and such changes in their mRNA expression could result in the decrease of chitin content in oyster larvae’s shells, which might lead to the failure of shell formation. Therefore, results in the present study suggested that acidified seawater might inhibit the formation of oyster calcified shell by suppressing the biosynthesis of chitin. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6705186/ /pubmed/31474874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01034 Text en Copyright © 2019 Zhang, Liu, Song, Huang, Wang and Song. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Zhang, Yukun Liu, Zhaoqun Song, Xiaorui Huang, Shu Wang, Lingling Song, Linsheng The Inhibition of Ocean Acidification on the Formation of Oyster Calcified Shell by Regulating the Expression of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 |
title | The Inhibition of Ocean Acidification on the Formation of Oyster Calcified Shell by Regulating the Expression of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 |
title_full | The Inhibition of Ocean Acidification on the Formation of Oyster Calcified Shell by Regulating the Expression of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 |
title_fullStr | The Inhibition of Ocean Acidification on the Formation of Oyster Calcified Shell by Regulating the Expression of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 |
title_full_unstemmed | The Inhibition of Ocean Acidification on the Formation of Oyster Calcified Shell by Regulating the Expression of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 |
title_short | The Inhibition of Ocean Acidification on the Formation of Oyster Calcified Shell by Regulating the Expression of Cgchs1 and Cgchit4 |
title_sort | inhibition of ocean acidification on the formation of oyster calcified shell by regulating the expression of cgchs1 and cgchit4 |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6705186/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31474874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01034 |
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