Radiomic signature: a non-invasive biomarker for discriminating invasive and non-invasive cases of lung adenocarcinoma

PURPOSE: We aimed to assess the classification performance of a computed tomography (CT)-based radiomic signature for discriminating invasive and non-invasive lung adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 192 patients (training cohort, n=116; validation cohort, n=76) with pathologically confirmed lung adenocarcinoma were retrospectively enrolled in the present study. Radiomic features were extracted from preoperative unenhanced chest CT images to build a radiomic signature. Predictive performance of the radiomic signature were evaluated using an intra-cross validation cohort. Diagnostic performance of the radiomic signature was assessed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: The radiomic signature consisted of 14 selected features and demonstrated good discrimination performance between invasive and non-invasive adenocarcinoma. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the training cohort was 0.83 (sensitivity, 0.84 ; specificity, 0.78; accuracy, 0.82), while that for the validation cohort was 0.77 (sensitivity, 0.94; specificity, 0.52 ; accuracy, 0.82). CONCLUSION: The CT-based radiomic signature exhibited good classification performance for discriminating invasive and non-invasive lung adenocarcinoma, and may represent a valuable biomarker for determining therapeutic strategies in this patient population.