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Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects
Pest control in agriculture is mainly based on the application of insecticides, which may impact nontarget beneficial organisms leading to undesirable ecological effects. Neonicotinoids are among the most widely used insecticides. However, they have important negative side effects, especially for po...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6708310/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31383752 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904298116 |
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author | Calvo-Agudo, Miguel González-Cabrera, Joel Picó, Yolanda Calatayud-Vernich, Pau Urbaneja, Alberto Dicke, Marcel Tena, Alejandro |
author_facet | Calvo-Agudo, Miguel González-Cabrera, Joel Picó, Yolanda Calatayud-Vernich, Pau Urbaneja, Alberto Dicke, Marcel Tena, Alejandro |
author_sort | Calvo-Agudo, Miguel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pest control in agriculture is mainly based on the application of insecticides, which may impact nontarget beneficial organisms leading to undesirable ecological effects. Neonicotinoids are among the most widely used insecticides. However, they have important negative side effects, especially for pollinators and other beneficial insects feeding on nectar. Here, we identify a more accessible exposure route: Neonicotinoids reach and kill beneficial insects that feed on the most abundant carbohydrate source for insects in agroecosystems, honeydew. Honeydew is the excretion product of phloem-feeding hemipteran insects such as aphids, mealybugs, whiteflies, and psyllids. We allowed parasitic wasps and pollinating hoverflies to feed on honeydew from hemipterans feeding on trees treated with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid, the most commonly used neonicotinoids. LC-MS/MS analyses demonstrated that both neonicotinoids were present in honeydew. Honeydew with thiamethoxam was highly toxic to both species of beneficial insects, and honeydew with imidacloprid was moderately toxic to hoverflies. Collectively, our data provide strong evidence for honeydew as a route of insecticide exposure that may cause acute or chronic deleterious effects on nontarget organisms. This route should be considered in future environmental risk assessments of neonicotinoid applications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6708310 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67083102019-09-06 Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects Calvo-Agudo, Miguel González-Cabrera, Joel Picó, Yolanda Calatayud-Vernich, Pau Urbaneja, Alberto Dicke, Marcel Tena, Alejandro Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Pest control in agriculture is mainly based on the application of insecticides, which may impact nontarget beneficial organisms leading to undesirable ecological effects. Neonicotinoids are among the most widely used insecticides. However, they have important negative side effects, especially for pollinators and other beneficial insects feeding on nectar. Here, we identify a more accessible exposure route: Neonicotinoids reach and kill beneficial insects that feed on the most abundant carbohydrate source for insects in agroecosystems, honeydew. Honeydew is the excretion product of phloem-feeding hemipteran insects such as aphids, mealybugs, whiteflies, and psyllids. We allowed parasitic wasps and pollinating hoverflies to feed on honeydew from hemipterans feeding on trees treated with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid, the most commonly used neonicotinoids. LC-MS/MS analyses demonstrated that both neonicotinoids were present in honeydew. Honeydew with thiamethoxam was highly toxic to both species of beneficial insects, and honeydew with imidacloprid was moderately toxic to hoverflies. Collectively, our data provide strong evidence for honeydew as a route of insecticide exposure that may cause acute or chronic deleterious effects on nontarget organisms. This route should be considered in future environmental risk assessments of neonicotinoid applications. National Academy of Sciences 2019-08-20 2019-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6708310/ /pubmed/31383752 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904298116 Text en Copyright © 2019 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Biological Sciences Calvo-Agudo, Miguel González-Cabrera, Joel Picó, Yolanda Calatayud-Vernich, Pau Urbaneja, Alberto Dicke, Marcel Tena, Alejandro Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects |
title | Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects |
title_full | Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects |
title_fullStr | Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects |
title_full_unstemmed | Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects |
title_short | Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects |
title_sort | neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects |
topic | Biological Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6708310/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31383752 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904298116 |
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