Epidémiologie des accidents domestiques de l’enfant: expérience d’un Service de Pédiatrie Générale du sud tunisien

Home accidents are a serious public health problem in Pediatrics. They are responsible for heavy morbidity and mortality in the paediatric population. We conducted a retrospective study of 231 cases of domestic accidents in childhood in the Division of General Pediatrics at the Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax over a period of 5 years (2008-2012). During the study period, we collected data from 231 domestic accidents. The study involved 124 boys (53.7 %) and 107 girls (46.3%). The average age of patients was 2 years, ranging from 1 day to 14 years; children under 4 years were the most exposed to home accidents (88.7%). Accidental poisonings were the most common accidents (105 cases). Caustics were the most common toxic agents (33 cases), followed by drugs (28 cases) and hydrocarbons (16 cases). Foreign body accidents were the second most common mechanism of injury (64 cases). They included 43 cases of inhalation of foreign bodies and 21 cases of foreign body ingestion. We recorded 28 cases of trauma, 25 cases were caused by a fall from a certain height. We noted 26 cases of scorpion envenomation, 5 cases of drowning, 2 cases of burn and a single case of electric shock. Accidental poisonings and foreign body accidents were the main home accidents noted during our study and the age group 1 -4 years was the most exposed to home accidents.