Œil et Maladie de Behçet: profil épidémiologique, clinique, thérapeutique et évolutif

This study aims to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of ocular manifestations in patients with Behçet’s disease. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study of the medical records of 121 patients managed by specialists with expertise in this disease over a period of one year and a half between January 2015 and June 2016. The average age of patients was 35 years, 63.6% of patients were male, ocular involvement was inaugural in 24% of cases. Patients had anterior uveitis (7.4%), posterior uveitis (15.7%), vasculitis (19%), irido-crystalline synechias (17.5%), macular edema (7.4%), optic atrophy (4.1%), papillary edema (2.5%) and peripheral retinal ischemia (1.7%). In our series, 41.3% of patients were under colchicine, 23.1% under oral corticosteroids, 9% under intravenous corticosteroids, 4.9% under topical corticosteroids, 8.2% under immunosuppressive drugs and 5.8% under vitamin K antagonists. After an average follow-up of 1 year, 40% of patients had stable visual acuity while receiving treatment, 23% had a significant decrease in visual acuity and 5% of cases had complete vision loss. Adequate therapy enables quick containment of the infection and decreases the frequency and severity of recurrences, thus leading to an improvement of the visual prognosis in our patients compared with outcomes in some previous case serie.