Association of TGF-ß1 polymorphisms and chronic hepatitis C infection: a Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Although several researches have reported the connection between the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) gene polymorphisms and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the conclusions of these studies were not always consistent. Here, this paper proposed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether the TGF-ß1 gene polymorphisms, −509C/T (rs1800469), codon 10 T/C (rs1982073) and codon 25G/C (rs1800471), were associated with chronic HCV infection. METHODS: The summary odds ratios (ORs) of chronic HCV infected patients and controls with all SNPs were obtained by adaptive fixed or random effect model. A series of statistical tools were employed to guarantee the accuracy of related pooling ORs, including the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) test, sensitivity analysis and publication bias test. RESULTS: This paper analyzed 18 case-control studies in 17 articles which totally contains 2718 chronic HCV infection cases corresponding to 1964 controls. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that the −509C/T polymorphism effected an increased risk of chronic HCV infection in all gene models. More specifically by ethnicity stratification, the Egyptians shared the similar association with the above overall study. Moreover, the meta-fusion of healthy control studies showed that − 509 T allele carriers (TT + TA) had nearly 2.00 and 3.36 fold higher risk of chronic HCV infection in the total and Egyptian populations, respectively (OR = 2.004, 95% CI = 1.138–3.528, P = 0.016; OR = 3.363, 95% CI = 1.477–7.655, P = 0.004, respectively). However, our meta-analysis did not find any significant association between the codon 10 T/C or codon 25G/C polymorphisms and chronic HCV infection. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that the TGF-ß1–509C/T polymorphism may effect an increased risk of chronic HCV infection, especially in Egyptian population. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-4390-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.