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Five decades of research and theorization on clinical reasoning: a critical review

Clinical reasoning is a complex cognitive process that is essential to evaluate and manage a patient’s medical problem. The aim of this paper was to provide a critical review of the research literature on clinical reasoning theories and models. To conduct our study, we applied the process of conduct...

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Autores principales: Yazdani, Shahram, Hoseini Abardeh, Maryam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6717718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31695548
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S213492
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author Yazdani, Shahram
Hoseini Abardeh, Maryam
author_facet Yazdani, Shahram
Hoseini Abardeh, Maryam
author_sort Yazdani, Shahram
collection PubMed
description Clinical reasoning is a complex cognitive process that is essential to evaluate and manage a patient’s medical problem. The aim of this paper was to provide a critical review of the research literature on clinical reasoning theories and models. To conduct our study, we applied the process of conducting a literature review in four stages in accordance with the approach of Carnwell and Daly. First, we defined the scope of the review as being limited to clinical reasoning theories and models in medical education. In the second stage, we conducted a search based on related words in PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, ERIC, ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases. In the third stage, we classified the results of the review into three categories, and in the fourth stage, we concluded and informed further studies. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 articles were eligible to be reviewed. Three theories and two models were recognized and classified into three categories. Several theories and models have been proposed in relation to clinical reasoning, but it seems that these theories and models could only explain part of this complex process and not the whole process. Therefore, to fulfill this gap, it may be helpful to build a Meta-model or Meta-theory, which unified all the models, and theories of clinical reasoning.
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spelling pubmed-67177182019-11-06 Five decades of research and theorization on clinical reasoning: a critical review Yazdani, Shahram Hoseini Abardeh, Maryam Adv Med Educ Pract Review Clinical reasoning is a complex cognitive process that is essential to evaluate and manage a patient’s medical problem. The aim of this paper was to provide a critical review of the research literature on clinical reasoning theories and models. To conduct our study, we applied the process of conducting a literature review in four stages in accordance with the approach of Carnwell and Daly. First, we defined the scope of the review as being limited to clinical reasoning theories and models in medical education. In the second stage, we conducted a search based on related words in PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, ERIC, ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases. In the third stage, we classified the results of the review into three categories, and in the fourth stage, we concluded and informed further studies. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 articles were eligible to be reviewed. Three theories and two models were recognized and classified into three categories. Several theories and models have been proposed in relation to clinical reasoning, but it seems that these theories and models could only explain part of this complex process and not the whole process. Therefore, to fulfill this gap, it may be helpful to build a Meta-model or Meta-theory, which unified all the models, and theories of clinical reasoning. Dove 2019-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6717718/ /pubmed/31695548 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S213492 Text en © 2019 Yazdani and Hoseini Abardeh. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Review
Yazdani, Shahram
Hoseini Abardeh, Maryam
Five decades of research and theorization on clinical reasoning: a critical review
title Five decades of research and theorization on clinical reasoning: a critical review
title_full Five decades of research and theorization on clinical reasoning: a critical review
title_fullStr Five decades of research and theorization on clinical reasoning: a critical review
title_full_unstemmed Five decades of research and theorization on clinical reasoning: a critical review
title_short Five decades of research and theorization on clinical reasoning: a critical review
title_sort five decades of research and theorization on clinical reasoning: a critical review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6717718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31695548
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S213492
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