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Protuberant Electrode Structures for Subretinal Electrical Stimulation: Modeling, Fabrication and in vivo Evaluation
Many neural interfaces used for therapeutic applications are based on extracellular electrical stimulation to control cell polarization and thus functional activity. Amongst them, retinal implants have been designed to restore visual perception in blind patients affected by photoreceptor degeneratio...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6718636/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31507363 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00885 |
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author | Losada, Pedro González Rousseau, Lionel Grzeskowiak, Marjorie Valet, Manon Nguyen, Diep Dégardin, Julie Dubus, Elisabeth Picaud, Serge Lissorgues, Gaelle |
author_facet | Losada, Pedro González Rousseau, Lionel Grzeskowiak, Marjorie Valet, Manon Nguyen, Diep Dégardin, Julie Dubus, Elisabeth Picaud, Serge Lissorgues, Gaelle |
author_sort | Losada, Pedro González |
collection | PubMed |
description | Many neural interfaces used for therapeutic applications are based on extracellular electrical stimulation to control cell polarization and thus functional activity. Amongst them, retinal implants have been designed to restore visual perception in blind patients affected by photoreceptor degeneration diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or retinitis pigmentosa (RP). While designing such a neural interface, several aspects must be taken into account, like the stimulation efficiency related to the current distribution within the tissue, the bio-interface optimization to improve resolution and tissue integration, and the material biocompatibility associated with long-term aging. In this study, we investigate the use of original microelectrode geometries for subretinal stimulation. The proposed structures combine the use of 3D wells with protuberant mushroom shaped electrode structures in the bottom, implemented on a flexible substrate that allows the in vivo implantation of the devices. These 3D microelectrode structures were first modeled using finite element analysis. Then, a specific microfabrication process compatible with flexible implants was developed to create the 3D microelectrode structures. These structures were tested in vivo to check the adaptation of the retinal tissue to them. Finally, preliminary in vivo stimulation experiments were performed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6718636 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67186362019-09-10 Protuberant Electrode Structures for Subretinal Electrical Stimulation: Modeling, Fabrication and in vivo Evaluation Losada, Pedro González Rousseau, Lionel Grzeskowiak, Marjorie Valet, Manon Nguyen, Diep Dégardin, Julie Dubus, Elisabeth Picaud, Serge Lissorgues, Gaelle Front Neurosci Neuroscience Many neural interfaces used for therapeutic applications are based on extracellular electrical stimulation to control cell polarization and thus functional activity. Amongst them, retinal implants have been designed to restore visual perception in blind patients affected by photoreceptor degeneration diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or retinitis pigmentosa (RP). While designing such a neural interface, several aspects must be taken into account, like the stimulation efficiency related to the current distribution within the tissue, the bio-interface optimization to improve resolution and tissue integration, and the material biocompatibility associated with long-term aging. In this study, we investigate the use of original microelectrode geometries for subretinal stimulation. The proposed structures combine the use of 3D wells with protuberant mushroom shaped electrode structures in the bottom, implemented on a flexible substrate that allows the in vivo implantation of the devices. These 3D microelectrode structures were first modeled using finite element analysis. Then, a specific microfabrication process compatible with flexible implants was developed to create the 3D microelectrode structures. These structures were tested in vivo to check the adaptation of the retinal tissue to them. Finally, preliminary in vivo stimulation experiments were performed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6718636/ /pubmed/31507363 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00885 Text en Copyright © 2019 Losada, Rousseau, Grzeskowiak, Valet, Nguyen, Dégardin, Dubus, Picaud and Lissorgues. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Losada, Pedro González Rousseau, Lionel Grzeskowiak, Marjorie Valet, Manon Nguyen, Diep Dégardin, Julie Dubus, Elisabeth Picaud, Serge Lissorgues, Gaelle Protuberant Electrode Structures for Subretinal Electrical Stimulation: Modeling, Fabrication and in vivo Evaluation |
title | Protuberant Electrode Structures for Subretinal Electrical Stimulation: Modeling, Fabrication and in vivo Evaluation |
title_full | Protuberant Electrode Structures for Subretinal Electrical Stimulation: Modeling, Fabrication and in vivo Evaluation |
title_fullStr | Protuberant Electrode Structures for Subretinal Electrical Stimulation: Modeling, Fabrication and in vivo Evaluation |
title_full_unstemmed | Protuberant Electrode Structures for Subretinal Electrical Stimulation: Modeling, Fabrication and in vivo Evaluation |
title_short | Protuberant Electrode Structures for Subretinal Electrical Stimulation: Modeling, Fabrication and in vivo Evaluation |
title_sort | protuberant electrode structures for subretinal electrical stimulation: modeling, fabrication and in vivo evaluation |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6718636/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31507363 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00885 |
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