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Generalized Dynamic Analytical Model of Piezoelectric Materials for Characterization Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

Piezoelectric materials have the intrinsic reversible ability to convert a mechanical strain into an electric field and their applications touch our daily lives. However, the complex physical mechanisms linking mechanical and electrical properties make these materials hard to understand. Computation...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: de Castilla, Hector, Bélanger, Pierre, Zednik, Ricardo J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6718999/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31394734
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12162502
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author de Castilla, Hector
Bélanger, Pierre
Zednik, Ricardo J.
author_facet de Castilla, Hector
Bélanger, Pierre
Zednik, Ricardo J.
author_sort de Castilla, Hector
collection PubMed
description Piezoelectric materials have the intrinsic reversible ability to convert a mechanical strain into an electric field and their applications touch our daily lives. However, the complex physical mechanisms linking mechanical and electrical properties make these materials hard to understand. Computationally onerous models have historically been unable to adequately describe dynamic phenomena inside real piezoelectric materials, and are often limited to over-simplified first-order analytical, quasi-static, or unsatisfying phenomenological numerical approaches. We present a generalized dynamic analytical model based on first-principles that is efficiently computable and better describes these exciting materials, including higher-order coupling effects. We illustrate the significance of this model by applying it to the important 3m crystal symmetry class of piezoelectric materials that includes lithium niobate, and show that the model accurately predicts the experimentally observed impedance spectrum. This dynamic behavior is a function of almost all intrinsic properties of the piezoelectric material, so that material properties, including mechanical, electrical, and dielectric coefficients, can be readily and simultaneously extracted for any size crystal, including at the nanoscale; the only prior knowledge required is the crystal class of the material system. In addition, the model’s analytical approach is general in nature, and can increase our understanding of traditional and novel ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials, regardless of crystal size or orientation.
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spelling pubmed-67189992019-09-10 Generalized Dynamic Analytical Model of Piezoelectric Materials for Characterization Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy de Castilla, Hector Bélanger, Pierre Zednik, Ricardo J. Materials (Basel) Article Piezoelectric materials have the intrinsic reversible ability to convert a mechanical strain into an electric field and their applications touch our daily lives. However, the complex physical mechanisms linking mechanical and electrical properties make these materials hard to understand. Computationally onerous models have historically been unable to adequately describe dynamic phenomena inside real piezoelectric materials, and are often limited to over-simplified first-order analytical, quasi-static, or unsatisfying phenomenological numerical approaches. We present a generalized dynamic analytical model based on first-principles that is efficiently computable and better describes these exciting materials, including higher-order coupling effects. We illustrate the significance of this model by applying it to the important 3m crystal symmetry class of piezoelectric materials that includes lithium niobate, and show that the model accurately predicts the experimentally observed impedance spectrum. This dynamic behavior is a function of almost all intrinsic properties of the piezoelectric material, so that material properties, including mechanical, electrical, and dielectric coefficients, can be readily and simultaneously extracted for any size crystal, including at the nanoscale; the only prior knowledge required is the crystal class of the material system. In addition, the model’s analytical approach is general in nature, and can increase our understanding of traditional and novel ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials, regardless of crystal size or orientation. MDPI 2019-08-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6718999/ /pubmed/31394734 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12162502 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
de Castilla, Hector
Bélanger, Pierre
Zednik, Ricardo J.
Generalized Dynamic Analytical Model of Piezoelectric Materials for Characterization Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
title Generalized Dynamic Analytical Model of Piezoelectric Materials for Characterization Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
title_full Generalized Dynamic Analytical Model of Piezoelectric Materials for Characterization Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
title_fullStr Generalized Dynamic Analytical Model of Piezoelectric Materials for Characterization Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed Generalized Dynamic Analytical Model of Piezoelectric Materials for Characterization Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
title_short Generalized Dynamic Analytical Model of Piezoelectric Materials for Characterization Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
title_sort generalized dynamic analytical model of piezoelectric materials for characterization using electrical impedance spectroscopy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6718999/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31394734
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12162502
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