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Novel S-Bend Resonator Based on a Multi-Mode Waveguide with Mode Discrimination for a Refractive Index Sensor
In this paper, a multi-mode waveguide-based optical resonator is proposed for an integrated optical refractive index sensor. Conventional optical resonators have been studied for single-mode waveguide-based resonators to enhance the performance, but mass production is limited owing to the high fabri...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6720186/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31430898 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163600 |
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author | Kim, Do-Hyun Jeon, Su-Jin Lee, Jae-Sang Hong, Seok-Ho Choi, Young-Wan |
author_facet | Kim, Do-Hyun Jeon, Su-Jin Lee, Jae-Sang Hong, Seok-Ho Choi, Young-Wan |
author_sort | Kim, Do-Hyun |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this paper, a multi-mode waveguide-based optical resonator is proposed for an integrated optical refractive index sensor. Conventional optical resonators have been studied for single-mode waveguide-based resonators to enhance the performance, but mass production is limited owing to the high fabrication costs of nano-scale structures. To overcome this problem, we designed an S-bend resonator based on a micro-scale multi-mode waveguide. In general, multi-mode waveguides cannot be utilized as optical resonators, because of a performance degradation resulting from modal dispersion and an output transmission with multi-peaks. Therefore, we exploited the mode discrimination phenomenon using the bending loss, and the resulting S-bend resonator yielded an output transmission without multi-peaks. This phenomenon is utilized to remove higher-order modes efficiently using the difference in the effective refractive index between the higher-order and fundamental modes. As a result, the resonator achieved a Q-factor and sensitivity of 2.3 [Formula: see text] 10(3) and 52 nm/RIU, respectively, using the variational finite-difference time-domain method. These results show that the multi-mode waveguide-based S-bend resonator with a wide line width can be utilized as a refractive index sensor. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6720186 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67201862019-10-30 Novel S-Bend Resonator Based on a Multi-Mode Waveguide with Mode Discrimination for a Refractive Index Sensor Kim, Do-Hyun Jeon, Su-Jin Lee, Jae-Sang Hong, Seok-Ho Choi, Young-Wan Sensors (Basel) Article In this paper, a multi-mode waveguide-based optical resonator is proposed for an integrated optical refractive index sensor. Conventional optical resonators have been studied for single-mode waveguide-based resonators to enhance the performance, but mass production is limited owing to the high fabrication costs of nano-scale structures. To overcome this problem, we designed an S-bend resonator based on a micro-scale multi-mode waveguide. In general, multi-mode waveguides cannot be utilized as optical resonators, because of a performance degradation resulting from modal dispersion and an output transmission with multi-peaks. Therefore, we exploited the mode discrimination phenomenon using the bending loss, and the resulting S-bend resonator yielded an output transmission without multi-peaks. This phenomenon is utilized to remove higher-order modes efficiently using the difference in the effective refractive index between the higher-order and fundamental modes. As a result, the resonator achieved a Q-factor and sensitivity of 2.3 [Formula: see text] 10(3) and 52 nm/RIU, respectively, using the variational finite-difference time-domain method. These results show that the multi-mode waveguide-based S-bend resonator with a wide line width can be utilized as a refractive index sensor. MDPI 2019-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6720186/ /pubmed/31430898 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163600 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kim, Do-Hyun Jeon, Su-Jin Lee, Jae-Sang Hong, Seok-Ho Choi, Young-Wan Novel S-Bend Resonator Based on a Multi-Mode Waveguide with Mode Discrimination for a Refractive Index Sensor |
title | Novel S-Bend Resonator Based on a Multi-Mode Waveguide with Mode Discrimination for a Refractive Index Sensor |
title_full | Novel S-Bend Resonator Based on a Multi-Mode Waveguide with Mode Discrimination for a Refractive Index Sensor |
title_fullStr | Novel S-Bend Resonator Based on a Multi-Mode Waveguide with Mode Discrimination for a Refractive Index Sensor |
title_full_unstemmed | Novel S-Bend Resonator Based on a Multi-Mode Waveguide with Mode Discrimination for a Refractive Index Sensor |
title_short | Novel S-Bend Resonator Based on a Multi-Mode Waveguide with Mode Discrimination for a Refractive Index Sensor |
title_sort | novel s-bend resonator based on a multi-mode waveguide with mode discrimination for a refractive index sensor |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6720186/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31430898 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163600 |
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